Exam question 1 · Bites, stings and scratches: mosquitoes, wasps, ticks, dog…

Identify the reason for which only female mosquitoes consume blood.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, female mosquitoes · What happens: identify, consume · To what, where: reason, blood

This is exam question 1 of lesson 399 «Bites, stings and scratches: mosquitoes, wasps, ticks, dog bites and cat scratches» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 consume	obl
6	only	only	ADV	_	8 mosquitoes	advmod
7	female	female	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mosquitoes	amod
8	mosquitoes	mosquito	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 consume	nsubj
9	consume	consume	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 reason	acl:relcl
10	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 consume	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	consume	infinitive	female mosquitoes	blood				for the reason	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Blood constitutes the sole food of all mosquitoes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 food	det
4	sole	sole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 mosquitoes	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 mosquitoes	det
8	mosquitoes	mosquito	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 food	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	Blood	the sole food of all mosquitoes					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme food=Pivot

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They require blood for the production of their eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 require	nsubj
2	require	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 production	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 production	det
6	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 eggs	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 eggs	nmod:poss
9	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 production	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	They	blood				for the production of their eggs	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme blood=Precondition
2	produce			their eggs					nom production «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

They require blood in order to maintain their body temperature

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 require	nsubj
2	require	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 order	case
5	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 maintain	mark
7	maintain	maintain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 require	advcl
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 temperature	nmod:poss
9	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 temperature	compound
10	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 maintain	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	They	blood		order			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme blood=Precondition
2	maintain	to-infinitive	They not said here	their body temperature					vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme

Option 4

They require blood for the growth of their wings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 require	nsubj
2	require	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 growth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 growth	det
6	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 wings	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wings	nmod:poss
9	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 growth	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	They	blood				for the growth of their wings	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme blood=Precondition
2	grow		their wings						nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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