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Test 10 · Counting animals: legs, arms, wings and tails

In a game, a gorilla swings through the trees by its long tail. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: gorilla · What happens: swing, be · To what, where: game

This is test 10 of lesson 40 «Counting animals: legs, arms, wings and tails» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a game, a gorilla swings through the trees by its long tail.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 game	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 game	det
3	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 swings	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 game	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 gorilla	det
6	gorilla	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 swings	nsubj
7	swings	swing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	through	through	ADP	_	10 trees	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 trees	det
10	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 swings	obl
11	by	by	ADP	_	14 tail	case
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 tail	nmod:poss
13	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 tail	amod
14	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 swings	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 swings	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swing	present	a gorilla			a game		through the trees; by gorilla's long tail	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in game=Source through tree=Trajectory by tail=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Gorillas are apes and have no tail

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 apes	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 apes	cop
3	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 have	cc
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 apes	conj
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 tail	det
7	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Gorillas	apes					tree rules
2	have	present	Gorillas not said here	no tail					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient

Option 2

Gorillas swing by their ears

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swing	nsubj
2	swing	swing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	5 ears	case
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 ears	nmod:poss
5	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swing	present	Gorillas					by Gorillas's ears	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by ear=Trajectory

Option 3

Gorillas have short tails only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tails	amod
4	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	only	only	ADV	_	2 have	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Gorillas	short tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient

Option 4

Nothing, gorillas really do use their tails to swing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 use	punct
3	gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 use	nsubj
4	really	really	ADV	_	6 use	advmod
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 use	aux
6	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Nothing	acl:relcl
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tails	nmod:poss
8	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 use	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 swing	mark
10	swing	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 use	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · do-support	gorillas	gorillas's tails					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
2	swing	to-infinitive	gorillas not said here						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/40-counting-legs-arms-wings-and-tails/t10/