Exam question 2 · The big biology quiz, part 4: everything from lessons 301…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the distinction between baleen whales and toothed whales.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, distinction

This is exam question 2 of lesson 400 «The big biology quiz, part 4: everything from lessons 301 to 399» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 distinction	det
11	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	between	between	ADP	_	14 whales	case
13	baleen	baleen	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 whales	compound
14	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 distinction	nmod
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 whales	cc
16	toothed	toothed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 whales	amod
17	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 whales	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the distinction	between baleen whales and toothed whales	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus distinction=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Baleen whales strain small food from the water and possess two blowholes, whereas toothed whales possess one

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Baleen	baleen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 whales	compound
2	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 strain	nsubj
3	strain	strain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 strain	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 strain	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 possess	cc
10	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 strain	conj
11	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 blowholes	nummod
12	blowholes	blowhole	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 possess	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 whereas	punct
14	whereas	wherea	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 possess	nsubj
15	toothed	toothed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 whales	amod
16	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 whereas	conj
17	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 strain	parataxis
18	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 possess	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	strain	present	Baleen whales	small food	the water	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent food=Theme from water=Source
2	possess	present	Baleen whales not said here	two blowholes		vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot blowhole=Theme
3	possess	present	whereas and toothed whales	one		vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot one=Theme

Option 2

Toothed whales possess two blowholes, whereas baleen whales possess one, and both groups consume large prey

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toothed	toothed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 whales	amod
2	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	nsubj
3	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 blowholes	nummod
5	blowholes	blowhole	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 possess	punct
7	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	10 possess	mark
8	baleen	baleen	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 whales	compound
9	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 possess	nsubj
10	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 possess	conj
11	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 possess	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 consume	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 consume	cc
14	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	15 groups	det
15	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 consume	nsubj
16	consume	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 possess	conj
17	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 prey	amod
18	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 consume	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	possess	present	Toothed whales	two blowholes	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot blowhole=Theme
2	possess	present	baleen whales	one	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot one=Theme
3	consume	present	both groups	large prey	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Asset

Option 3

Baleen whales consume large prey with their teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Baleen	baleen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 whales	compound
2	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 consume	nsubj
3	consume	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 prey	amod
5	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consume	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 teeth	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 teeth	nmod:poss
8	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 consume	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present	Baleen whales	large prey				with whales's teeth	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Asset

Option 4

Both groups possess teeth and a single blowhole

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 groups	det
2	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	nsubj
3	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 blowhole	cc
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 blowhole	det
7	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 blowhole	amod
8	blowhole	blowhole	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 teeth	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	both groups	teeth and a single blowhole					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tooth=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/400-the-big-biology-quiz-part-4-everything-from-lessons-301-to-399/e2/