Test 11 · ★★ · The real animals of the Just So Stories: the whale, camel,…

«bro the butterfly stamped and the whole palace vanished, physics is cooked» Why can't it happen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: bro, whole palace, it · What happens: stamp, vanish, cook, not happen · To what, where: physics · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 404 «The real animals of the Just So Stories: the whale, camel, rhino, leopard, elephant, kangaroo, armadillo and crab» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 stamped	punct
2	bro	bro	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stamped	nsubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 butterfly	det
4	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bro	nmod:unmarked
5	stamped	stamp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 vanished	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 palace	det
8	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 palace	amod
9	palace	palace	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 vanished	nsubj
10	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 stamped	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cooked	punct
12	physics	physics	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cooked	nsubj:pass
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 cooked	aux:pass
14	cooked	cook	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 vanished	ccomp
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 cooked	punct
16	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	20 happen	advmod
17	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 happen	aux
18	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 happen	advmod
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 happen	nsubj
20	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 vanished	advcl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 stamped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	stamp in a quote	past	bro the butterfly		vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	vanish in a quote	past	the whole palace		tree rules
3	cook in a quote	present · passive		physics	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
4	not happen	can	it		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Butterflies have no feet, so they cannot stamp at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 feet	det
4	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 stamp	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 stamp	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 stamp	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 stamp	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 stamp	advmod
10	stamp	stamp	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 have	conj
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 all	case
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 stamp	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Butterflies	no feet					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient
2	not stamp	can	Butterflies = butterfly			all			vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent at all=Destination

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It weighs much less than a gram, so its stamp is tiny

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 weighs	nsubj
2	weighs	weigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 less	advmod
4	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 weighs	advcl
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 gram	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 gram	det
7	gram	gram	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 less	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 tiny	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	13 tiny	advmod
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 stamp	nmod:poss
11	stamp	stamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 tiny	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 tiny	cop
13	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 weighs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weigh	present	It						vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	gram's stamp					tiny property	tree rules

Option 3

Palaces are built on rock, which butterflies cannot shake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Palaces	palace	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 built	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 built	aux:pass
3	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 rock	case
5	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 shake	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 shake	obj
8	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 shake	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 shake	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 shake	advmod
11	shake	shake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 rock	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	present · passive		Palaces		rock			vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on rock=Source
2	not shake	can	butterflies	rock					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent which=Patient

Option 4

Butterflies stamp only in cold weather, when it is weak

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 stamp	nsubj
2	stamp	stamp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	2 stamp	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 weather	case
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 weather	amod
6	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stamp	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 weak	punct
8	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 weak	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 weak	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 weak	cop
11	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stamp	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stamp	present	Butterflies			cold weather			vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent in weather=Destination
2	is	present	weather					weak property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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