Test 2 · The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs

In a cartoon, a platypus quacks and hunts with big open eyes. What would a real platypus do?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: platypus, real platypus · What happens: quack, hunt, do · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 2 of lesson 43 «The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a platypus quacks and hunts with big open eyes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 quacks	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 platypus	det
6	platypus	platypus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 quacks	nsubj
7	quacks	quack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hunts	cc
9	hunts	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 quacks	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	13 eyes	case
11	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 eyes	amod
12	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 eyes	amod
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 hunts	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 quacks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	quack	present	a platypus			a cartoon			vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	hunt	present	a platypus not said here					with big open eyes	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a real platypus do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 do	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 do	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 platypus	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 platypus	amod
5	platypus	platypus	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 do	nsubj
6	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	would	a real platypus						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Fly low over the water like a duck

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	1 Fly	advmod
3	over	over	ADP	_	5 water	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 water	det
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fly	obl
6	like	like	ADP	_	8 duck	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 duck	det
8	duck	duck	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	imperative	you not said here			the water		like a duck; low property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over water=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Dive with its eyes shut and feel for food with its bill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dive	dive	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	with	with	ADP	_	4 eyes	case
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 eyes	nmod:poss
4	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Dive	obl
5	shut	shut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Dive	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 feel	cc
7	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Dive	conj
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 food	case
9	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 feel	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 bill	case
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 bill	nmod:poss
12	bill	bill	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 feel	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	dive	imperative	you not said here	with its eyes; shut property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	feel	present	you not said here	for food; with food's bill	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for food=Theme
3	bill		food		nom bill «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

Quack loudly under the water to scare the fish out of the weeds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Quack	quack	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	1 Quack	advmod
3	under	under	ADP	_	5 water	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 water	det
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Quack	nmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 scare	mark
7	scare	scare	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Quack	acl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 fish	det
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 scare	obj
10	out	out	ADP	_	13 weeds	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 weeds	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 weeds	det
13	weeds	weed	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 scare	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scare	to-infinitive		the fish		the weeds			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fish=Experiencer

Option 4

Hunt only on land by sight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	only	only	ADV	_	4 land	advmod
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 land	case
4	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hunt	obl
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 sight	case
6	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hunt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	imperative	you not said here			land		by sight	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent on land=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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