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Test 4 · The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs

A poster shows five animals, one platypus and four echidnas. What do all five share?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: poster, five share · What happens: show, be · To what, where: five animals

This is test 4 of lesson 43 «The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A poster shows five animals, one platypus and four echidnas.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 poster	det
2	poster	poster	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 animals	nummod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shows	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 platypus	punct
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 platypus	nummod
8	platypus	platypus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 animals	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 echidnas	cc
10	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 echidnas	nummod
11	echidnas	echidna	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 animals	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a poster		five animals and one platypus and four echidnas				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do all five share?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 share	det
4	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 share	nummod
5	share	share	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	all five share						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They all have sharp teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 have	nsubj
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 have	advmod
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 teeth	amod
5	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	They	sharp teeth					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient

Option 2

They all live in South America

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 live	nsubj
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 live	advmod
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 America	case
5	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 America	compound
6	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	They			South America			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in america=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They are the only egg-laying mammals alive today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 mammals	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 mammals	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mammals	det
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mammals	amod
5	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 laying	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 egg	punct
7	laying	lay	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 mammals	amod
8	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
9	alive	alive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mammals	amod
10	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 mammals	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	gerund							vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	They	the only laying mammals			today		tree rules

Option 4

They are all marsupials that carry babies in pouches

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 marsupials	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 marsupials	cop
3	all	all	ADV	_	4 marsupials	advmod
4	marsupials	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 carry	nsubj
6	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 marsupials	acl:relcl
7	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 carry	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 pouches	case
9	pouches	pouch	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 carry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	marsupials				all property	tree rules
2	carry	present	marsupials	babies		pouches			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent baby=Value in pouch=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/43-platypus-and-echidna/t4/