Test 2 · ★ · The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp
In a game, an axolotl lives happily on land and breathes air like a lizard. What is wrong?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: axolotl · What happens: live, breathe, be · To what, where: game, air
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 44 «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a game, an axolotl lives happily on land and breathes air like a lizard.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 game | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 game | det |
| 3 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lives | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 game | punct |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 axolotl | det |
| 6 | axolotl | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lives | nsubj |
| 7 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | happily | happily | ADV | _ | 7 lives | advmod |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 land | case |
| 10 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lives | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 breathes | cc |
| 12 | breathes | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 lives | conj |
| 13 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 breathes | obj |
| 14 | like | like | ADP | _ | 16 lizard | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 lizard | det |
| 16 | lizard | lizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 breathes | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lives | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | a axolotl | a game | on land; happily property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in game=Location | |||
| 2 | breathe | present | a axolotl not said here | air | like a lizard | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is wrong?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 wrong | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 wrong | cop |
| 3 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 wrong | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | wrong property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Nothing, axolotls always leave the water and grow lungs as adults
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 3 axolotls | compound |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nothing | punct |
| 3 | axolotls | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 leave | nsubj |
| 4 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 5 leave | advmod |
| 5 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 water | det |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leave | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 grow | cc |
| 9 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 leave | conj |
| 10 | lungs | lung | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 grow | obj |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 adults | case |
| 12 | adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 grow | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | present | Nothing axolotls | the water | always property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme | |||
| 2 | grow | present | Nothing axolotls not said here | lungs | as adults | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location lung=Theme |
Option 2
Axolotls breathe fire, not air
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Axolotls | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 breathe | nsubj |
| 2 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 breathe | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 air | punct |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 air | advmod |
| 6 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fire | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | breathe | present | Axolotls | fire and air | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |
Option 3
Axolotls live only in trees
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Axolotls | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 live | nsubj |
| 2 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 trees | advmod |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 trees | case |
| 5 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 live | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Axolotls | trees | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Axolotls keep their gills and live in water all their lives
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Axolotls | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 keep | nsubj |
| 2 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 gills | nmod:poss |
| 4 | gills | gill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 keep | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 live | cc |
| 6 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 keep | conj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 water | case |
| 8 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 live | obl |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 lives | det:predet |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 lives | nmod:poss |
| 11 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 live | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | Axolotls | Axolotls's gills | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gill=Theme | ||||
| 2 | live | present | Axolotls not said here | Axolotls's lives | water | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/t2/