Test 3 · ★ · Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters

«why isn't there a super-lion that eats lions» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: lion, best answer · What happens: not be, eat, be · To what, where: lions · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 there	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 there	advmod
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 there	cop
4	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 there	advmod
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 lion	det
7	super	super	ADV	_	9 lion	advmod
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 super	punct
9	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 there	nsubj
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 eats	nsubj
11	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lion	acl:relcl
12	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 eats	obj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 there	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 there	parataxis
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 What	cop
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 answer	det
17	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 answer	amod
18	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 What	nsubj
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 there	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not is in a quote	present	a lion		there property	tree rules
2	eat in a quote	present	a lion	lions		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lion=Patient
3	is a	present	the best answer			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Lions are too fast and too strong for anything to catch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fast	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fast	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 fast	advmod
4	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 strong	cc
6	too	too	ADV	_	7 strong	advmod
7	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fast	conj
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 anything	case
9	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 strong	obl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 catch	mark
11	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 strong	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lions	fast property	tree rules
2	be		Lions not said here	for anything	tree rules
3	catch	to-infinitive	Lions not said here		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Too little energy is left at the top of a chain to feed it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Too	too	ADV	_	2 little	advmod
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 energy	amod
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 left	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 left	aux:pass
5	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 top	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 top	det
8	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 left	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 chain	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 chain	det
11	chain	chain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 top	nmod
12	to	to	PART	_	13 feed	mark
13	feed	feed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 left	advcl
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 feed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	present · passive		little energy		the top of a chain			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at top=Location
2	feed	to-infinitive		energy					vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

Lions are poisonous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 poisonous	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 poisonous	cop
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lions					poisonous property	tree rules

Option 4

There is one, but it hides really well in caves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 is	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 hides	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 hides	cc
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 hides	nsubj
7	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 is	conj
8	really	really	ADV	_	9 well	advmod
9	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 hides	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 caves	case
11	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hides	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	one			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hide	present	it			caves		well property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cave=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/46-food-chains/t3/