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Test 4 · ★★ · Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers

A zebra herd stands at a waterhole full of horseflies. What does the best idea about stripes predict?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: zebra herd, stripes · What happens: stand, do, predict · To what, where: waterhole, best idea

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 47 «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A zebra herd stands at a waterhole full of horseflies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 herd	det
2	zebra	zebra	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 herd	compound
3	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stands	nsubj
4	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 waterhole	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 waterhole	det
7	waterhole	waterhole	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stands	obl
8	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 waterhole	amod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 horseflies	case
10	horseflies	horsefly	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 full	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 stands	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	present	a zebra herd			a waterhole			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at waterhole=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does the best idea about stripes predict?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	acl:relcl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 idea	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 idea	amod
5	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	about	about	SCONJ	_	8 predict	mark
7	stripes	stripe	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 predict	nsubj
8	predict	predict	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 idea	acl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present							vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	predict	present	stripes	the best idea not said here					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot idea=Topic

The options

Option 1

The stripes attract more flies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stripes	det
2	stripes	stripe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 attract	nsubj
3	attract	attract	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 flies	amod
5	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 attract	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attract	present	the stripes	more flies					vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Patient

Option 2

The zebras will turn black

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 zebras	det
2	zebras	zebra	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 turn	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 turn	aux
4	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 turn	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	future	the zebras					black property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Fewer horseflies land properly on the zebras

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 horseflies	amod
2	horseflies	horsefly	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 land	nsubj
3	land	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	properly	properly	ADV	_	3 land	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 zebras	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 zebras	det
7	zebras	zebra	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 land	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	land	present	Fewer horseflies					on the zebras; properly property	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on zebra=Destination

Option 4

The flies cannot see the zebras at all, so they bite the lions

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flies	det
2	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 see	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 see	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 see	advmod
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 zebras	det
7	zebras	zebra	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 see	obj
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 all	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 see	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 bite	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 bite	advmod
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 bite	nsubj
13	bite	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 see	advcl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 lions	det
15	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 bite	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	the flies	the zebras		all			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer zebra=Stimulus
2	bite	present	flies = fly	the lions					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lion=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/t4/