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Test 2 · ★★★ · How animals talk

In a cartoon, two cats sit on a fence and meow a long chat to each other. What is more true of real adult cats?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: two cats · What happens: sit, meow, be · To what, where: cartoon, long chat

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, two cats sit on a fence and meow a long chat to each other.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sit	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 cats	nummod
6	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 sit	nsubj
7	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 fence	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fence	det
10	fence	fence	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sit	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 meow	cc
12	meow	meow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 sit	conj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 chat	det
14	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 chat	amod
15	chat	chat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 meow	obj
16	to	to	ADP	_	17 each	case
17	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	12 meow	obl
18	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 each	fixed
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 sit	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	present	two cats			a cartoon		on a fence	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location
2	meow	present	two cats not said here	a long chat				to each	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent chat=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is more true of real adult cats?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 true	cop
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 true	amod
4	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 cats	case
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cats	amod
7	adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cats	amod
8	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 true	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						of real adult cats; true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

They meow to each other all day long

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 meow	nsubj
2	meow	meow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 each	case
4	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	2 meow	obl
5	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 each	fixed
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 day	det
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 meow	obl:unmarked
8	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 meow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	meow	present	They		each		day	long property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to each=Recipient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They rarely meow to each other; meowing is mostly for people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 meow	nsubj
2	rarely	rarely	ADV	_	3 meow	advmod
3	meow	meow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 each	case
5	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	3 meow	obl
6	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 each	fixed
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 meowing	punct
8	meowing	meow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 meow	advcl
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 mostly	cop
10	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	8 meowing	advmod
11	for	for	ADP	_	12 people	case
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 meowing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	meow	present	They		each			rarely property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to each=Recipient
2	meow	gerund	They not said here					for people	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present						mostly property	tree rules

Option 3

They speak with their whiskers in words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 whiskers	case
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 whiskers	nmod:poss
5	whiskers	whisker	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 words	case
7	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	They			words		with their whiskers	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with whisker=Co-Agent

Option 4

They only talk by purring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 talk	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 talk	advmod
3	talk	talk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 purring	mark
5	purring	purr	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 talk	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	present	They						vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	purr	gerund	They not said here						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/50-how-animals-talk/t2/