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Test 3 · ★ · How animals hunt

After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hyenas trot up. What often happens next?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cheetah, hyenas · What happens: lie, pant, trot up, happen · To what, where: catch

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 52 «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: After a long chase a cheetah lies panting next to its catch, and hyenas trot up.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	4 chase	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 chase	det
3	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 chase	amod
4	chase	chase	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lies	obl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cheetah	det
6	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lies	nsubj
7	lies	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	panting	pant	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 lies	xcomp
9	next	next	ADV	_	8 panting	advmod
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 catch	case
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 catch	nmod:poss
12	catch	catch	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 panting	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 trot	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 trot	cc
15	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 trot	nsubj
16	trot	trot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 lies	conj
17	up	up	ADP	_	16 trot	compound:prt
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 lies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	present	a cheetah				after a long chase		tree rules
2	pant	gerund	a cheetah not said here		cheetah's catch			next property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to catch=Recipient
3	trot up	present	hyenas						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What often happens next?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
2	often	often	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	next	next	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present						next, often property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

The hyenas help drag it home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hyenas	det
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	nsubj
3	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	drag	drag	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 help	xcomp
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 drag	obj
6	home	home	ADV	_	4 drag	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	the hyenas						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	drag	infinitive	the hyenas not said here	it				home property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The hyenas steal its catch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hyenas	det
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 steal	nsubj
3	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 catch	nmod:poss
5	catch	catch	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 steal	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	present	the hyenas	its catch					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location catch=Theme

Option 3

The cheetah chases them off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cheetah	det
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chases	nsubj
3	chases	chase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 chases	obj
5	off	off	ADP	_	3 chases	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase off	present	the cheetah	them = they					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 4

The hyenas wait politely for scraps

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hyenas	det
2	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 wait	nsubj
3	wait	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	politely	politely	ADV	_	3 wait	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 scraps	case
6	scraps	scrap	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 wait	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	present	the hyenas					for scraps; politely property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/t3/