Exam question 3 · How animals defend themselves

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the sting of the honeybee.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, sting · To what, where: response, sting, honeybee

This is exam question 3 of lesson 53 «How animals defend themselves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sting	det
11	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 honeybee	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 honeybee	det
14	honeybee	honeybee	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sting	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the sting of the honeybee		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sting=Experiencer
4	sting			the honeybee		nom sting «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Being barbed, it remains in the victim's skin and the bee perishes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 barbed	aux:pass
2	barbed	barb	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 remains	advcl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 barbed	punct
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 remains	nsubj
5	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	10 skin	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 victim	det
8	victim	victim	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 skin	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 victim	case
10	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 remains	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 perishes	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 bee	det
13	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 perishes	nsubj
14	perishes	perish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 remains	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	barb	gerund · passive			tree rules
2	remain	present	it	the victim's skin	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in skin=Location
3	perish	present	the bee		vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

It is delivered by means of the mandibles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 delivered	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 delivered	aux:pass
3	delivered	deliver	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 means	nsubj
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 means	case
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 mandibles	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mandibles	det
8	mandibles	mandible	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 means	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deliver	present · passive		It					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	mean	present						of the mandibles	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is withdrawn and regrown within the hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 withdrawn	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 withdrawn	aux:pass
3	withdrawn	withdraw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 regrown	cc
5	regrown	regrow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 withdrawn	conj
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 hour	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hour	det
8	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 withdrawn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	withdraw	present · passive		It			hour		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	regrow	participle							tree rules

Option 4

Being smooth, it may be employed repeatedly against the same assailant

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 smooth	cop
2	smooth	smooth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 employed	punct
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 employed	nsubj:pass
5	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 employed	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 employed	aux:pass
7	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 smooth	conj
8	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	7 employed	advmod
9	against	against	ADP	_	12 assailant	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 assailant	det
11	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 assailant	amod
12	assailant	assailant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 employed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						smooth property	tree rules
2	employ	may · passive		it				against the same assailant; repeatedly property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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