Test 11 · ★★ · Migration: the great journeys

What would happen to swallows if winter in Europe still had plenty of flying insects?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: winter · What happens: happen, have, fly · To what, where: plenty

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 54 «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 swallows	case
5	swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	obl
6	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 had	mark
7	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 had	nsubj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 Europe	case
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 winter	nmod
10	still	still	ADV	_	11 had	advmod
11	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
12	plenty	plenty	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 had	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 insects	case
14	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 insects	amod
15	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 plenty	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would				to swallows	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	have a condition, not said to happen	past	winter in Europe	plenty of flying insects	still		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plenty=Patient
3	fly	gerund					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They would turn into a different kind of bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 turn	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 turn	aux
3	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	7 kind	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 kind	det
6	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kind	amod
7	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turn	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 bird	case
9	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	would	They			a different kind of bird			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into kind=Trajectory

Option 2

Nothing, they leave for fun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 leave	vocative
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 leave	nsubj
4	leave	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 fun	case
6	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leave	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	present	they					for fun; Nothing vocative	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for fun=Recipient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Some might stay instead of making the dangerous journey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	3 stay	nsubj
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 stay	aux
3	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	6 making	mark
5	of	of	ADP	_	4 instead	fixed
6	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 stay	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 journey	det
8	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 journey	amod
9	journey	journey	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 making	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	might	Some						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	make	gerund	Some not said here	the dangerous journey					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset journey=Product

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

They would fly even further south than before, all the way to the ice

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fly	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 fly	aux
3	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	even	even	ADV	_	6 south	advmod
5	further	further	ADV	_	6 south	advmod
6	south	south	ADV	_	3 fly	advmod
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 before	case
8	before	before	ADV	_	6 south	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 fly	punct
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 way	det:predet
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 way	det
12	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fly	obl:unmarked
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 ice	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 ice	det
15	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	would	They	all way				to the ice result; south property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to ice=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/t11/