Test 6 · How plants grow: seeds, light, water and air
In a cartoon a giant plant swallows the hero whole. Can any real plant eat a person?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: giant plant, real plant · What happens: swallow, eat · To what, where: hero, cartoon, person
This is test 6 of lesson 56 «How plants grow: seeds, light, water and air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon a giant plant swallows the hero whole.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 swallows | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 plant | det |
| 5 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 plant | amod |
| 6 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 swallows | nsubj |
| 7 | swallows | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hero | det |
| 9 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 swallows | obj |
| 10 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 swallows | xcomp |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 swallows | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swallow | present | a giant plant | the hero | a cartoon | whole property | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hero=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Can any real plant eat a person?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 eat | aux |
| 2 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 plant | det |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 plant | amod |
| 4 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 eat | nsubj |
| 5 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 person | det |
| 7 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 eat | obj |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 eat | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | can | any real plant | a person | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Patient |
The options
Option 1
No, because people are poisonous to plants
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 poisonous | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 poisonous | punct |
| 3 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 6 poisonous | mark |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 poisonous | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 poisonous | cop |
| 6 | poisonous | poisonous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 plants | case |
| 8 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 poisonous | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | people | to plants; poisonous property | tree rules |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
No, the biggest catch insects and, rarely, a frog or mouse
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 insects | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 insects | det |
| 4 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 insects | amod |
| 5 | catch | catch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 insects | compound |
| 6 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 frog | cc |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 frog | punct |
| 9 | rarely | rarely | ADV | _ | 12 frog | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 frog | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 frog | det |
| 12 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 insects | conj |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 mouse | cc |
| 14 | mouse | mouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 frog | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Yes, the Venus flytrap when it is fully grown
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 flytrap | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 flytrap | det |
| 4 | Venus | Venus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 flytrap | compound |
| 5 | flytrap | flytrap | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 grown | advmod |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 grown | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 grown | aux:pass |
| 9 | fully | fully | ADV | _ | 10 grown | advmod |
| 10 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 flytrap | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present · passive | flytrap | fully property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
Yes, deep in the jungle there are man-eating trees that grab people
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 8 are | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 6 jungle | advmod |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 jungle | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 jungle | det |
| 6 | jungle | jungle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 are | obl |
| 7 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 are | expl |
| 8 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 eating | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 man | punct |
| 11 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 trees | amod |
| 12 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 are | nsubj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 grab | nsubj |
| 14 | grab | grab | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 trees | acl:relcl |
| 15 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 grab | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | eating trees | the jungle; there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in jungle=Location | ||||
| 2 | eat | gerund | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | grab | present | eating trees | people | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/56-how-plants-grow/t6/