Exam question 2 · The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world

Identify the principal reason for which the Sun remains visible at a late hour in northern Norway during midsummer.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Sun · What happens: identify, remain · To what, where: principal reason, northern Norway

This is exam question 2 of lesson 6 «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 remains	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Sun	det
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 remains	nsubj
9	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
10	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 remains	xcomp
11	at	at	ADP	_	14 hour	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 hour	det
13	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 hour	amod
14	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 visible	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 Norway	case
16	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 Norway	amod
17	Norway	Norway	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 remains	obl
18	during	during	ADP	_	19 midsummer	case
19	midsummer	midsummer	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 remains	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	remain	present	the Sun			northern Norway	during midsummer	for the principal reason; visible property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in norway=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The clocks of Norway are improperly adjusted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clocks	det
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 adjusted	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Norway	case
4	Norway	Norway	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 clocks	nmod
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 adjusted	aux:pass
6	improperly	improperly	ADV	_	7 adjusted	advmod
7	adjusted	adjust	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	adjust	present · passive		the clocks of Norway				improperly property	vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

The Sun approaches nearer to Norway during summer than to any other country of Europe

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 approaches	nsubj
3	approaches	approach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	nearer	near	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 approaches	xcomp
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 Norway	case
6	Norway	Norway	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 approaches	obl
7	during	during	ADP	_	8 summer	case
8	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 approaches	obl
9	than	than	ADP	_	13 country	case
10	to	to	ADP	_	13 country	case
11	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	13 country	det
12	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 country	amod
13	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 approaches	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Europe	case
15	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 country	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	approach	present	the Sun			Norway	summer	than any other country of Europe; near property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to norway=Initial_Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The axis of the Earth is inclined, whereby the far north is directed towards the Sun

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 axis	det
2	axis	axis	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 inclined	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Earth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Earth	det
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 axis	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 inclined	cop
7	inclined	inclined	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 directed	punct
9	whereby	whereby	ADV	PronType=Int	14 directed	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 north	det
11	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 north	amod
12	north	north	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 directed	nsubj:pass
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 directed	aux:pass
14	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 inclined	conj
15	towards	towards	ADP	_	17 Sun	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Sun	det
17	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 directed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the axis of the Earth					inclined property	tree rules
2	direct	present · passive		the far north				towards the Sun; whereby property	vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: subject=Eventuality

Option 4

Norway is situated nearer to the Sun than any other country

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Norway	Norway	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 situated	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 situated	aux:pass
3	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	nearer	near	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 situated	xcomp
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 situated	obl
8	than	than	ADP	_	11 country	case
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	11 country	det
10	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 country	amod
11	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 situated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	situate	present · passive		Norway				to the Sun; than any other country; near property	vn put-9.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/6-the-arctic/e2/