Exam question 3 · Carnivorous and strange plants

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises Rafflesia arnoldii?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: Rafflesia arnoldii

This is exam question 3 of lesson 61 «Carnivorous and strange plants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	Rafflesia	Rafflesia	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 arnoldii	compound
10	arnoldii	arnoldii	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		Rafflesia arnoldii				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A parasite bearing the largest single flower, without leaves, stem or roots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 parasite	det
2	parasite	parasite	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	bearing	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 parasite	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 flower	det
5	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 flower	amod
6	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 flower	amod
7	flower	flower	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bearing	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 leaves	punct
9	without	without	ADP	_	10 leaves	case
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 parasite	appos
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 stem	punct
12	stem	stem	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 leaves	conj
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 roots	cc
14	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 leaves	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	gerund	a parasite not said here	the largest single flower					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Patient

Option 2

A desert plant possessing two perpetual leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 plant	det
2	desert	desert	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 plant	amod
3	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	possessing	possess	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 plant	acl
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 leaves	nummod
6	perpetual	perpetual	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 leaves	compound
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 possessing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	gerund	a desert plant not said here	two perpetual leaves					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot leaf=Theme

Option 3

A pond plant equipped with underwater bladders

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 plant	det
2	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plant	compound
3	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 equipped	nsubj
4	equipped	equip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 bladders	case
6	underwater	underwater	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 bladders	amod
7	bladders	bladder	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 equipped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	equip	past	a pond plant					with underwater bladders	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent with bladder=Theme

Option 4

A carnivorous plant that captures small mammals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 plant	det
2	carnivorous	carnivorous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 plant	amod
3	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 captures	nsubj
5	captures	capture	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 plant	acl:relcl
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 mammals	amod
7	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 captures	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	capture	present	a carnivorous plant	small mammals					vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mammal=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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