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Test 10 · ★★ · Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad

Some microbes live in boiling hot springs. What does that tell scientists?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: microbes, that · What happens: live, boil, tell · To what, where: scientists · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 63 «Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Some microbes live in boiling hot springs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 microbes	det
2	microbes	microbe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	nsubj
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	SCONJ	_	5 boiling	mark
5	boiling	boil	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 live	advcl
6	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 springs	amod
7	springs	spring	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 boiling	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 live	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	some microbes						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	boil	gerund	some microbes not said here				spring		vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does that tell scientists?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 tell	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 tell	nsubj
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tell	iobj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · do-support	that		scientists				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent scientist=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1

Hot springs make new microbes out of the rocks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 springs	amod
2	springs	spring	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 microbes	amod
5	microbes	microbe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	obj
6	out	out	ADP	_	9 rocks	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 rocks	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 rocks	det
9	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Hot springs	new microbes		the rocks			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset microbe=Product

Option 2

Hot water is the only place life can exist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 life	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 life	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 life	det
5	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 life	amod
6	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 life	compound
7	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 exist	aux
9	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	7 life	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Hot water	the only place life					tree rules
2	exist	can							vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Life can survive in places once thought impossible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 survive	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 survive	aux
3	survive	survive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 places	case
5	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 survive	obl
6	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	7 thought	advmod
7	thought	think	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 survive	advcl
8	impossible	impossible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 thought	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	can	Life			places			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location
2	think speech: other	participle	Life not said here					impossible, once property	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

All microbes love boiling water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 microbes	det
2	microbes	microbe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 love	nsubj
3	love	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	boiling	boil	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 water	amod
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 love	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	love	present	all microbes	boiling water					vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus
2	boil	gerund							vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/t10/