Exam question 1 · The brain and nerves

Identify the pathway by which the knee-jerk reflex is effected.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, pathway · What happens: identify, affect · To what, where: pathway, jerk reflex

This is exam question 1 of lesson 68 «The brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pathway	det
3	pathway	pathway	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 effected	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reflex	det
7	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 jerk	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 knee	punct
9	jerk	jerk	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 reflex	compound
10	reflex	reflex	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 effected	nsubj:pass
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 effected	aux:pass
12	effected	affect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 pathway	acl:relcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the pathway					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent pathway=Theme
2	affect	present · passive	the pathway	the jerk reflex					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Via the brain, following a deliberate decision to move the leg

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Via	via	ADP	_	3 brain	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 brain	det
3	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 brain	punct
5	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 decision	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 decision	det
7	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 decision	amod
8	decision	decision	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brain	nmod
9	to	to	PART	_	10 move	mark
10	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 decision	acl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 leg	det
12	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 move	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	move	to-infinitive		the leg					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent leg=Theme

Option 2

Via the bloodstream from the heart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Via	via	ADP	_	3 bloodstream	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bloodstream	det
3	bloodstream	bloodstream	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 heart	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 heart	det
6	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bloodstream	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Via the skin of the knee alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Via	via	ADP	_	3 skin	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 skin	det
3	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 knee	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 knee	det
6	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 skin	nmod
7	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 skin	advmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Via the spinal cord directly to the muscle, without the brain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Via	via	ADP	_	4 cord	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cord	det
3	spinal	spinal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cord	amod
4	cord	cord	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	directly	directly	ADV	_	8 muscle	advmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 muscle	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 muscle	det
8	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cord	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 brain	punct
10	without	without	ADP	_	12 brain	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 brain	det
12	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cord	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/e1/