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Test 11 · ★ · Senses: eyes and ears

A mantis shrimp has 16 kinds of colour cells and we have 3. Does it see colours much better than us?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mantis shrimp, we, shrimp · What happens: have, see · To what, where: 16 kinds, 3, colours

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 69 «Senses: eyes and ears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A mantis shrimp has 16 kinds of colour cells and we have 3.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 shrimp	det
2	mantis	mantis	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shrimp	compound
3	shrimp	shrimp	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	16	16	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 kinds	nummod
6	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 cells	case
8	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cells	compound
9	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kinds	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 have	cc
11	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 have	nsubj
12	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 has	conj
13	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 have	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a mantis shrimp	16 kinds of colour cells					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Patient
2	have	present	we	3					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Does it see colours much better than us?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 see	aux
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 see	nsubj
3	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 see	obj
5	much	much	ADV	_	6 better	advmod
6	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 see	advmod
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 us	case
8	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 better	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 see	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present · do-support	shrimp	colours				well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer colour=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

Yes, it can read in the dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 read	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 read	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 read	aux
5	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 dark	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 dark	det
8	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 read	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	can	it			the dark			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

No, it sees no colours at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 sees	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 sees	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sees	nsubj
4	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 colours	det
6	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sees	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 colours	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	it	no colours		all			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer colour=Stimulus

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Not exactly: tests suggest it is not better at telling close colours apart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 suggest	advmod
2	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	5 suggest	advmod
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 suggest	punct
4	tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 suggest	nsubj
5	suggest	suggest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 better	advcl
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 better	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 better	cop
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 better	advmod
9	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
10	at	at	SCONJ	_	11 telling	mark
11	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 better	advcl
12	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 colours	amod
13	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 telling	obj
14	apart	apart	ADV	_	11 telling	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not suggest speech: suggest	present	tests					exactly property	vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	not is	present	it					good property	tree rules
3	tell speech: assert	gerund		close colours				apart property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent colour=Recipient

Option 4

Yes, it sees five times better

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 sees	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sees	nsubj
4	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 times	nummod
6	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 better	obl:unmarked
7	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 sees	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	it					good property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/69-senses-eyes-and-ears/t11/