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Exam question 2 · Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the observed variation in human stature over the course of a single day.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, observe · To what, where: response, observed variation, human stature

This is exam question 2 of lesson 71 «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

detobjxcompcasedetamodoblacldetamodobjcaseamodoblcasedetnmodcasedetamodnmodpunctrootSelectVERBtheDETresponseNOUNconsistentADJwithADPtheDETestablishedVERBfactsNOUNconcerningVERBtheDETobservedVERBvariationNOUNinADPhumanADJstatureNOUNoverADPtheDETcourseNOUNofADPaDETsingleADJdayNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1SelectselectVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 responsedet
3responseresponseNOUNNumber=Sing1 Selectobj
4consistentconsistentADJDegree=Pos1 Selectxcomp
5withwithADP_8 factscase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 factsdet
7establishedestablishVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass8 factsamod
8factsfactNOUNNumber=Plur4 consistentobl
9concerningconcernVERBVerbForm=Ger8 factsacl
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 variationdet
11observedobserveVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass12 variationamod
12variationvariationNOUNNumber=Sing9 concerningobj
13ininADP_15 staturecase
14humanhumanADJDegree=Pos15 statureamod
15staturestatureNOUNNumber=Sing9 concerningobl
16overoverADP_18 coursecase
17thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 coursedet
18coursecourseNOUNNumber=Sing15 staturenmod
19ofofADP_22 daycase
20aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art22 daydet
21singlesingleADJDegree=Pos22 dayamod
22daydayNOUNNumber=Sing18 coursenmod
23..PUNCT_1 Selectpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1selectimperativeyou not said herethe responseconsistent propertyvn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2establishparticiplevn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3concerngerundthe established facts not said herethe observed variationhuman stature over the course of a single dayvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus variation=Experiencer
4observeparticiplevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Stature is greater upon waking, owing to re-expansion of the spinal discs during rest

The tree, 14 words
nsubjcopmarkadvclpunctconjcaseoblcasedetamodnmodcaseoblrootStatureNOUNisAUXgreaterADJuponSCONJwakingVERB,PUNCTowingVERBtoADPre-expansionNOUNofADPtheDETspinalADJdiscsNOUNduringADPrestNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1StaturestatureNOUNNumber=Sing3 greaternsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 greatercop
3greatergreatADJDegree=Cmprootroot
4uponuponSCONJ_5 wakingmark
5wakingwakeVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part3 greateradvcl
6,,PUNCT_7 owingpunct
7owingoweVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part5 wakingconj
8totoADP_9 re-expansioncase
9re-expansionre-expansionNOUNNumber=Sing7 owingobl
10ofofADP_13 discscase
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 discsdet
12spinalspinalADJDegree=Pos13 discsamod
13discsdiscNOUNNumber=Plur9 re-expansionnmod
14duringduringADP_15 restcase
15restrestNOUNNumber=Sing7 owingobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentStaturegreat propertytree rules
2wakegerundStature not said herevn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3owegerundStature not said hereduring restto re-expansion of the spinal discs goalvn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to re-expansion=Goal

Option 2

Stature is greater at midday, owing to the warmth of the sun

nsubjcopcaseoblpunctadvclcasedetoblcasedetnmodrootStatureNOUNisAUXgreaterADJatADPmiddayNOUN,PUNCTowingVERBtoADPtheDETwarmthNOUNofADPtheDETsunNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1StaturestatureNOUNNumber=Sing3 greaternsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 greatercop
3greatergreatADJDegree=Cmprootroot
4atatADP_5 middaycase
5middaymiddayNOUNNumber=Sing3 greaterobl
6,,PUNCT_7 owingpunct
7owingoweVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part3 greateradvcl
8totoADP_10 warmthcase
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 warmthdet
10warmthwarmthNOUNNumber=Sing7 owingobl
11ofofADP_13 suncase
12thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 sundet
13sunsunNOUNNumber=Sing10 warmthnmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentStaturemiddaygreat propertytree rules
2owegerundStature not said hereto the warmth of the sun goalvn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to warmth=Goal

Option 3

Stature is invariable throughout the day and night

nsubjcopcasedetoblccconjrootStatureNOUNisAUXinvariableADJthroughoutADPtheDETdayNOUNandCCONJnightNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1StaturestatureNOUNNumber=Sing3 invariablensubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 invariablecop
3invariableinvariableADJDegree=Posrootroot
4throughoutthroughoutADP_6 daycase
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 daydet
6daydayNOUNNumber=Sing3 invariableobl
7andandCCONJ_8 nightcc
8nightnightNOUNNumber=Sing6 dayconj
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentStaturedayinvariable propertytree rules

Option 4

Stature is greater at bedtime, owing to the growth of the bones in the course of the day

The tree, 18 words
nsubjcopcaseoblpunctadvclcasedetoblcasedetnmodcasedetoblcasedetnmodrootStatureNOUNisAUXgreaterADJatADPbedtimeNOUN,PUNCTowingVERBtoADPtheDETgrowthNOUNofADPtheDETbonesNOUNinADPtheDETcourseNOUNofADPtheDETdayNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1StaturestatureNOUNNumber=Sing3 greaternsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 greatercop
3greatergreatADJDegree=Cmprootroot
4atatADP_5 bedtimecase
5bedtimebedtimeNOUNNumber=Sing3 greaterobl
6,,PUNCT_7 owingpunct
7owingoweVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part3 greateradvcl
8totoADP_10 growthcase
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 growthdet
10growthgrowthNOUNNumber=Sing7 owingobl
11ofofADP_13 bonescase
12thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 bonesdet
13bonesboneNOUNNumber=Plur10 growthnmod
14ininADP_16 coursecase
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 coursedet
16coursecourseNOUNNumber=Sing7 owingobl
17ofofADP_19 daycase
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art19 daydet
19daydayNOUNNumber=Sing16 coursenmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentStaturebedtimegreat propertytree rules
2owegerundStature not said herethe course of the dayto the growth of the bones goalvn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to growth=Goal
3growthe bonesnom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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