Test 10 · Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived

«dinosaurs had live babies like us» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: dinosaurs · What happens: have, be · To what, where: live babies · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 of lesson 75 «Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct
2	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 right	csubj
4	live	live	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 babies	amod
5	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 us	case
7	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 babies	nmod
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct
9	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 right	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 right	cop
11	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	past	dinosaurs	live babies				like us	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient
2	is	present						right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, dinosaurs had no eggs at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 had	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 eggs	det
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 had	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	dinosaurs	no eggs		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

All dinosaurs hatched from eggs; fossil nests are found worldwide

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 dinosaurs	det
2	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hatched	nsubj
3	hatched	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 eggs	case
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hatched	obl
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 found	punct
7	fossil	fossil	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 nests	compound
8	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 found	nsubj:pass
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 found	aux:pass
10	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 hatched	conj
11	worldwide	worldwide	ADV	_	10 found	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hatch	past	all dinosaurs					from eggs	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent from egg=Patient
2	find	present · passive		fossil nests				worldwide property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 3

Yes, only the very biggest ones laid eggs, the rest had live babies

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	9 eggs	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	7 ones	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ones	det
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 biggest	advmod
6	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 ones	amod
7	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 eggs	nsubj
8	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 eggs	amod
9	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 had	nsubj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 eggs	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 rest	det
12	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 had	nsubj
13	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	live	live	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 babies	amod
15	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	lay	participle			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	egg		the biggest ones		tree rules
3	have	past	laid eggs	live babies	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient

Option 4

No, they grew from seeds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 grew	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 grew	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 grew	nsubj
4	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 seeds	case
6	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	they					from seeds	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from seed=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/75-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives/t10/