Exam question 1 · Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, w…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the koala?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: koala

This is exam question 1 of lesson 79 «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 koala	det
10	koala	koala	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the koala				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a marsupial whose long rest saves the scant energy of eucalyptus leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 marsupial	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 marsupial	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 marsupial	det
4	marsupial	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	7 rest	nmod:poss
6	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rest	amod
7	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 saves	nsubj
8	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 marsupial	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 energy	det
10	scant	scant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 energy	amod
11	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 saves	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 leaves	case
13	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 leaves	compound
14	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 energy	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a marsupial					tree rules
2	save	present	long rest	the scant energy of eucalyptus leaves					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme

Option 2

It is a primate which rests only during the winter months

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 primate	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 primate	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 primate	det
4	primate	primate	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 rests	nsubj
6	rests	rest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 primate	acl:relcl
7	only	only	ADV	_	11 months	advmod
8	during	during	ADP	_	11 months	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 months	det
10	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 months	compound
11	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 rests	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a primate					tree rules
2	rest	present	a primate				month		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It is a species of bear intoxicated by the leaves of the eucalyptus tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 species	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 bear	case
6	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod
7	intoxicated	intoxicate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 species	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 leaves	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 leaves	det
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 intoxicated	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 tree	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 tree	det
13	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 tree	compound
14	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 leaves	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a species				of bear	tree rules
2	intoxicate	participle		a species not said here				by the leaves of the eucalyptus tree	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

It is a nocturnal predator which hunts throughout the night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 predator	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 predator	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 predator	det
4	nocturnal	nocturnal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 predator	amod
5	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 hunts	nsubj
7	hunts	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 predator	acl:relcl
8	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	10 night	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 night	det
10	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hunts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a nocturnal predator					tree rules
2	hunt	present	a nocturnal predator				night		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/e1/