Exam question 4 · Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, w…
State the two mammals of Australia which reproduce by laying eggs.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: two mammals · What happens: reproduce, lay · To what, where: eggs
This is exam question 4 of lesson 79 «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | State | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 mammals | nsubj |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 mammals | det |
| 3 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 mammals | nummod |
| 4 | mammals | mammal | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Australia | case |
| 6 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 mammals | nmod |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 reproduce | nsubj |
| 8 | reproduce | reproduce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 mammals | acl:relcl |
| 9 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 10 laying | mark |
| 10 | laying | lay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 reproduce | advcl |
| 11 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 laying | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 mammals | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reproduce | present | the two mammals of Australia | vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | lay | gerund | the two mammals of Australia not said here | eggs | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The emu and the laughing kookaburra
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 emu | det |
| 2 | emu | emu | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 kookaburra | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 kookaburra | det |
| 5 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 kookaburra | amod |
| 6 | kookaburra | kookaburra | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 emu | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | gerund | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
The red kangaroo and the koala
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 kangaroo | det |
| 2 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 kangaroo | amod |
| 3 | kangaroo | kangaroo | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 koala | cc |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 koala | det |
| 6 | koala | koala | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 kangaroo | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
The wombat and the Tasmanian devil
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wombat | det |
| 2 | wombat | wombat | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 devil | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 devil | det |
| 5 | Tasmanian | Tasmanian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 devil | amod |
| 6 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wombat | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The platypus and the echidna
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 platypus | det |
| 2 | platypus | platypus | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 echidna | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 echidna | det |
| 5 | echidna | echidna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 platypus | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/e4/