Exam question 1 · The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the sunlit zone of the ocean?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: sunlit zone

This is exam question 1 of lesson 8 «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 zone	det
10	sunlit	sunlit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 zone	amod
11	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 ocean	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 ocean	det
14	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 zone	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the sunlit zone of the ocean				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The sunlit zone comprises the water beneath the polar ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 zone	det
2	sunlit	sunlit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 zone	amod
3	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	nsubj
4	comprises	comprise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 water	det
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	obj
7	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	10 ice	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ice	det
9	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ice	amod
10	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	comprise	present	the sunlit zone	the water				beneath the polar ice	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme water=Pivot

Option 2

The sunlit zone comprises solely the intertidal shore

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 zone	det
2	sunlit	sunlit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 zone	amod
3	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	nsubj
4	comprises	comprise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	4 comprises	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 shore	det
7	intertidal	intertidal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 shore	amod
8	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	comprise	present	the sunlit zone	the intertidal shore				solely property	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shore=Pivot

Option 3

The sunlit zone comprises the deepest region of the ocean, wherein the glow of submarine volcanoes furnishes light for the growth of plankton

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 zone	det
2	sunlit	sunlit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 zone	amod
3	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	nsubj
4	comprises	comprise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 region	det
6	deepest	deep	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 region	amod
7	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 ocean	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ocean	det
10	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 region	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 furnishes	punct
12	wherein	wherein	ADV	PronType=Int	18 furnishes	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 glow	det
14	glow	glow	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 furnishes	nsubj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 volcanoes	case
16	submarine	submarine	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 volcanoes	compound
17	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 glow	nmod
18	furnishes	furnish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 comprises	conj
19	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 furnishes	obj
20	for	for	ADP	_	22 growth	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 growth	det
22	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 furnishes	obl
23	of	of	ADP	_	24 plankton	case
24	plankton	plankton	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 growth	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	comprise	present	the sunlit zone	the deepest region of the ocean		vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme region=Pivot
2	furnish	present	the glow of submarine volcanoes	light	for the growth of plankton; wherein property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent light=Theme for growth=Recipient
3	glow		submarine volcanoes			nom glow «state intransitive»: of=agent
4	grow		plankton			nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The sunlit zone comprises the uppermost two hundred metres of the ocean, wherein light suffices for the growth of plant-like plankton

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 zone	det
2	sunlit	sunlit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 zone	amod
3	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comprises	nsubj
4	comprises	comprise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 metres	det
6	uppermost	uppermost	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 metres	amod
7	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 hundred	compound
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 metres	nummod
9	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 comprises	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 ocean	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 ocean	det
12	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 metres	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 suffices	punct
14	wherein	wherein	ADV	PronType=Int	16 suffices	advmod
15	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 suffices	nsubj
16	suffices	suffice	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 comprises	conj
17	for	for	ADP	_	19 growth	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 growth	det
19	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 suffices	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	24 plankton	case
21	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 like	amod
22	-	-	PUNCT	_	21 plant	punct
23	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 plankton	amod
24	plankton	plankton	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 growth	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	comprise	present	the sunlit zone	the uppermost hundred metres of the ocean		vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Pivot
2	suffice	present	light		for the growth of like plankton; wherein property	tree rules
3	grow		like plankton			nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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