Test 4 · The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth
Dumbo flies by flapping his huge ears. What do real elephant ears do?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Dumbo, real elephant ears · What happens: fly, flap, be, do · To what, where: huge ears
This is test 4 of lesson 83 «The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Dumbo flies by flapping his huge ears.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dumbo | Dumbo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 flies | nsubj |
| 2 | flies | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 4 flapping | mark |
| 4 | flapping | flap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 flies | advcl |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 ears | nmod:poss |
| 6 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 ears | amod |
| 7 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 flapping | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 flies | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | present | Dumbo | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | flap | gerund | Dumbo not said here | Dumbo's huge ears | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What do real elephant ears do?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 ears | amod |
| 4 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ears | compound |
| 5 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 do | nsubj |
| 6 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | acl:relcl |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | do | present | real elephant ears | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1
Let African elephants glide short distances from hill to hill
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 elephants | compound |
| 2 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 elephants | amod |
| 3 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 glide | nsubj |
| 4 | glide | glide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 distances | amod |
| 6 | distances | distance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 glide | obj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 hill | case |
| 8 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 glide | obl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 hill | case |
| 10 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 glide | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let | infinitive | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | glide | present | Let African elephants | short distances | hill | to hill | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent distance=Theme from hill=Initial_Location to hill=Destination |
Option 2
Nothing, the ears are just for show
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 8 show | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 ears | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 ears | det |
| 4 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Nothing | conj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 show | cop |
| 6 | just | just | ADV | _ | 8 show | advmod |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 show | case |
| 8 | show | show | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Nothing | for show | tree rules |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Help them hear and lose heat, but cannot lift them
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Help | help | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Help | obj |
| 3 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Help | xcomp |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 lose | cc |
| 5 | lose | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 hear | conj |
| 6 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lose | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 lift | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 lift | cc |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 lift | aux |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 lift | advmod |
| 11 | lift | lift | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Help | conj |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 lift | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | imperative | you not said here | them = they | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hear | infinitive | them = they not said here | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | lose | infinitive | them = they not said here | heat | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | not lift | can | you not said here | them = they | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
Option 4
Only help them swim
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 help | advmod |
| 2 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 help | obj |
| 4 | swim | swim | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 help | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | imperative | you not said here | them = they | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | swim | infinitive | them = they not said here | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/83-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth/t4/