Exam question 3 · The ape house: gorillas and chimpanzees

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the diet of gorillas maintained in zoological collections?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, maintain · To what, where: diet, gorillas, zoological collections

This is exam question 3 of lesson 84 «The ape house: gorillas and chimpanzees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 diet	det
10	diet	diet	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 gorillas	case
12	gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 diet	nmod
13	maintained	maintain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 gorillas	acl
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 collections	case
15	zoological	zoological	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 collections	amod
16	collections	collection	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 maintained	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the diet of gorillas		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	maintain	participle	gorillas not said here	zoological collections		vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It consists principally of meat and fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	principally	principally	ADV	_	2 consists	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 meat	case
5	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 fish	cc
7	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 meat	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It					of meat and fish; principally property	tree rules

Option 2

It consists of bread and confectionery supplied by visitors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 bread	case
4	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 confectionery	cc
6	confectionery	confectionery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bread	conj
7	supplied	supply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 confectionery	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 visitors	case
9	visitors	visitor	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 supplied	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It					of bread and confectionery	tree rules
2	supply	participle		confectionery not said here					vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It consists principally of leafy greens and vegetables

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	principally	principally	ADV	_	2 consists	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 greens	case
5	leafy	leafy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 greens	amod
6	greens	green	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consists	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 vegetables	cc
8	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 greens	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It					of leafy greens and vegetables; principally property	tree rules

Option 4

It consists exclusively of bananas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 consists	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 bananas	case
5	bananas	banana	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It					of bananas; exclusively property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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