Test 8 · The amphibian room: poison frogs, axolotls and the frog re…

Why would a fungus that attacks skin be so deadly to frogs?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: fungus · What happens: attack, be · To what, where: skin

This is test 8 of lesson 89 «The amphibian room: poison frogs, axolotls and the frog rescue» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	10 deadly	advmod
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 deadly	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 fungus	det
4	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 deadly	nsubj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 attacks	nsubj
6	attacks	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fungus	acl:relcl
7	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 attacks	obj
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 deadly	cop
9	so	so	ADV	_	10 deadly	advmod
10	deadly	deadly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 frogs	case
12	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 deadly	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 deadly	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attack	present	a fungus	skin					vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient
2	is	would	a fungus					to frogs; deadly property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Frogs eat the fungus by mistake and choke on it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fungus	det
4	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eat	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 mistake	case
6	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eat	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 choke	cc
8	choke	choke	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mistake	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 eat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Frogs	the fungus		choke		by mistake and choke	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fungus=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Frogs need their skin to breathe and take in water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 skin	nmod:poss
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 need	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 breathe	mark
6	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 need	advcl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 take	cc
8	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 breathe	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	8 take	compound:prt
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 take	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	need	present	Frogs	Frogs's skin	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot skin=Theme
2	breathe	to-infinitive	Frogs not said here		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	take in	infinitive	Frogs not said here	water	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme

Option 3

Frog skin is their only food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 skin	compound
2	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 food	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 food	cop
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 food	nmod:poss
5	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 food	amod
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Frog skin	their only food					tree rules

Option 4

The fungus makes them too slow to jump

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fungus	det
2	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 makes	obj
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 slow	advmod
6	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 makes	xcomp
7	to	to	PART	_	8 jump	mark
8	jump	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 slow	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the fungus	them = they				slow property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
2	jump	to-infinitive	them = they not said here						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/89-amphibian-room-poison-frogs-axolotls-frog-rescue/t8/