Exam question 3 · The aquarium: the coral reef tank

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises coral?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: coral

This is exam question 3 of lesson 90 «The aquarium: the coral reef tank» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	coral	coral	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		coral				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a species of submarine plant

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 species	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 plant	case
6	submarine	submarine	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 plant	compound
7	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a species				of submarine plant	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It is formed from the skeletons of fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 formed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 formed	aux:pass
3	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 skeletons	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 skeletons	det
6	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 formed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 fish	case
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 skeletons	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present · passive		It		the skeletons of fish			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from skeleton=Material

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is composed of small animals, polyps, which build limestone skeletons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 composed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 composed	aux:pass
3	composed	compose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 animals	case
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 animals	amod
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 composed	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 polyps	punct
8	polyps	polyp	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 animals	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 build	punct
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 build	nsubj
11	build	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 polyps	acl:relcl
12	limestone	limestone	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 skeletons	compound
13	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 build	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compose	present · passive		It				of small animals and polyps	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	build	present	polyps	limestone skeletons					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset skeleton=Product

Option 4

It is a mineral deposit devoid of life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 deposit	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 deposit	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 deposit	det
4	mineral	mineral	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 deposit	amod
5	deposit	deposit	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	devoid	devoid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 deposit	amod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 life	case
8	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 devoid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a mineral deposit					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/e3/