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Test 10 · ★★ · The penguin pool

A scruffy penguin stands alone and will not swim. What is most likely?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: scruffy penguin · What happens: stand, not swim, be

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 99 «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A scruffy penguin stands alone and will not swim.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 penguin	det
2	scruffy	scruffy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 penguin	amod
3	penguin	penguin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stands	nsubj
4	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 stands	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 swim	cc
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 swim	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 swim	advmod
9	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 stands	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 stands	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	present	a scruffy penguin					alone property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not swim	future	a scruffy penguin not said here						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is most likely?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 likely	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 likely	cop
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADV	_	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 likely	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						likely property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It has forgotten how to swim after a long time on land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 forgotten	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 forgotten	aux
3	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	6 swim	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 swim	mark
6	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 forgotten	xcomp
7	after	after	ADP	_	10 time	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 time	det
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 time	amod
10	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swim	obl
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 land	case
12	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swim	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forget	present · perfect · passive		It					tree rules
2	not swim	to-infinitive				land	time		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Trajectory

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is moulting and has lost its waterproof coat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 moulting	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 moulting	aux
3	moulting	moult	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 lost	cc
5	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lost	aux
6	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 moulting	conj
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 coat	nmod:poss
8	waterproof	waterproof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 coat	amod
9	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lost	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	moult	present · progressive	It						vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	lose	present · perfect		its waterproof coat					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Eventuality

Option 3

It is angry with the keeper

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 angry	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 angry	cop
3	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 keeper	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 keeper	det
6	keeper	keeper	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 angry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					with the keeper; angry property	tree rules

Option 4

It is too full of fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 full	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 full	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 full	advmod
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 fish	case
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					of fish; full property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/t10/