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Test 15 · ★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter V, part 2: The mushroom, the…

★★★ The Pigeon says: serpents eat eggs; little girls eat eggs; so little girls are serpents. Which argument has the SAME mistake?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★, serpents, little girls, argument · What happens: say, eat, be, have · To what, where: eggs, serpents, SAME mistake · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 15 · ★★ of lesson 10 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter V, part 2: The mushroom, the long neck and the Pigeon» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ The Pigeon says: serpents eat eggs; little girls eat eggs; so little girls are serpents.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	ADP	_	5 Pigeon	case
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Pigeon	det
5	Pigeon	Pigeon	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 ★	nmod
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 eat	punct
8	serpents	serpent	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 eat	nsubj
9	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 says	ccomp
10	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 eat	obj
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 eat	punct
12	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 girls	amod
13	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 eat	nsubj
14	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 eat	conj
15	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 eat	obj
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 serpents	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	21 serpents	advmod
18	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 girls	amod
19	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 serpents	nsubj
20	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 serpents	cop
21	serpents	serpent	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 says	conj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	★ ★ the Pigeon						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	eat	present	serpents	eggs					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Patient
3	eat	present	little girls	eggs					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Patient
4	is a	present	little girls	serpents					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which argument has the SAME mistake?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 argument	det
2	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 mistake	det
5	SAME	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 mistake	amod
6	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	which argument	the SAME mistake					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Dogs can bark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bark	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 bark	aux
3	bark	bark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bark	can	Dogs						vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Cats have tails

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Cats	tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient

Option 3

Cats have tails; so dogs must too

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	7 must	advmod
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 must	nsubj
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	2 have	advcl
8	too	too	ADV	_	7 must	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Cats	tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Cats have tails; dogs have tails; so dogs are cats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct
5	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	nsubj
6	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	conj
7	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	obj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 cats	advmod
10	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 cats	nsubj
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 cats	cop
12	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Cats	tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
2	have	present	dogs	tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
3	is a	present	dogs	cats					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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