Exam question 3 · Andersen's Tales, The Ugly Duckling, part 1: the ducklings…
What is the principal reason, according to the text, for the mother duck's growing weariness?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be, accord, grow · To what, where: principal reason
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1011 «Andersen's Tales, The Ugly Duckling, part 1: the ducklings hatch under the burdock leaves» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 reason | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 reason | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 reason | det |
| 4 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 reason | amod |
| 5 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 text | punct |
| 7 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 text | case |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 according | fixed |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 text | det |
| 10 | text | text | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 reason | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 weariness | punct |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 weariness | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 duck | det |
| 14 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 duck | compound |
| 15 | duck | duck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 weariness | nmod:poss |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 duck | case |
| 17 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 weariness | amod |
| 18 | weariness | weariness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 reason | conj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 reason | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the principal reason and the text and the mother duck's growing weariness | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | grow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The loud chatter of the other ducks
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chatter | det |
| 2 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 chatter | amod |
| 3 | chatter | chatter | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 ducks | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ducks | det |
| 6 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 ducks | amod |
| 7 | ducks | duck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 chatter | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chatter | the other ducks | nom chatter «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
Option 2
Her hungry babies
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 babies | nmod:poss |
| 2 | hungry | hungry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 babies | amod |
| 3 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
The noisy babies in the nest
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 babies | det |
| 2 | noisy | noisy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 babies | amod |
| 3 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 nest | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 nest | det |
| 6 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 babies | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The prolonged hatching of her eggs
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hatching | det |
| 2 | prolonged | prolong | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 hatching | amod |
| 3 | hatching | hatching | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 eggs | case |
| 5 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 eggs | nmod:poss |
| 6 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hatching | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prolong | participle | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | hatch | her eggs | nom hatching «process intransitive»: of=agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1011-pg27200-part222/e3/