Exam question 1 · Andersen's Tales, The Gingerbread Cakes, part 226: Knud wa…

Which of the following describes the event in which the gingerbread maiden is consumed by a boy out of wickedness?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: follow, describe, consume · To what, where: event, gingerbread maiden

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1015 «Andersen's Tales, The Gingerbread Cakes, part 226: Knud walks to Copenhagen to visit Joanna» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 describes	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 describes	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 describes	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 describes	nsubj
5	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 event	det
7	event	event	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 describes	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 consumed	obl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 maiden	det
11	gingerbread	gingerbread	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 maiden	compound
12	maiden	maiden	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 consumed	nsubj:pass
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 consumed	aux:pass
14	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 event	acl:relcl
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 boy	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 boy	det
17	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 consumed	obl:agent
18	out	out	ADP	_	20 wickedness	case
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 wickedness	case
20	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 consumed	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the event			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent event=Theme
3	consume	present · passive	a boy	the gingerbread maiden	the event	out wickedness	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

A great boy, out of wickedness, had eaten her up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 eaten	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 wickedness	punct
5	out	out	ADP	_	7 wickedness	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 wickedness	case
7	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 boy	appos
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 boy	punct
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 eaten	aux
10	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
11	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 eaten	obj
12	up	up	ADP	_	10 eaten	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat up	past · perfect	a great boy	her = she					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

A great boy, out of jealousy, had carried her off to the attic and eaten her in the dark slowly

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 carried	nsubj:pass
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 jealousy	punct
5	out	out	ADP	_	7 jealousy	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 jealousy	case
7	jealousy	jealousy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 boy	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 boy	punct
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 carried	aux
10	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 carried	obj
12	off	off	ADP	_	10 carried	compound:prt
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 attic	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 attic	det
15	attic	attic	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 carried	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 eaten	cc
17	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 carried	conj
18	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 eaten	obj
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 dark	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 dark	det
21	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 eaten	obl
22	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	17 eaten	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry off	past · perfect · passive		a great boy and jealousy				to the attic	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary she=Value
2	eat	participle		her = she		the dark		slowly property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient

Option 3

A cruel boy, out of spite, had bitten her head off.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bitten	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 spite	punct
5	out	out	ADP	_	7 spite	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 spite	case
7	spite	spite	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 boy	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 boy	punct
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 bitten	aux
10	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
11	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 head	nmod:poss
12	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bitten	obj
13	off	off	ADP	_	10 bitten	compound:prt
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 bitten	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite off	past · perfect	a cruel boy out spite	her head					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient

Option 4

The cat took her.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 took	nsubj
3	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 took	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 took	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	the cat		her = she				vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument she=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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