Exam question 1 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Wild Swans, part 233: Eliza fl…

Which of the following was the means by which the brothers conveyed their sister across the ocean?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: the, brothers · What happens: follow, be, convey · To what, where: sister, ocean · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1022 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Wild Swans, part 233: Eliza flies over the sea and waits on a tiny rock» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 means	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 means	nsubj
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	parataxis
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 conveyed	obl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 brothers	det
11	brothers	brother	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 conveyed	nsubj
12	conveyed	convey	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 means	ccomp
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 sister	nmod:poss
14	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 conveyed	obj
15	across	across	ADP	_	17 ocean	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 ocean	det
17	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 conveyed	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	past	the			mean property	tree rules
3	convey	past	the brothers	brothers's sister	the ocean		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sister=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A basket carried by hand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 basket	det
2	basket	basket	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 basket	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 hand	case
5	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	participle		a basket not said here				by hand	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

A rope of twisted bark tied around their wings in the wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 rope	det
2	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 bark	case
4	twisted	twisted	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bark	amod
5	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rope	nmod
6	tied	tie	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 bark	acl
7	around	around	ADP	_	9 wings	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wings	nmod:poss
9	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 tied	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 wind	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wind	det
12	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tie	participle		twisted bark not said here		their wings		in the wind	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 3

A boat made of wood

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boat	det
2	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 boat	acl
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 wood	case
5	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		a boat not said here				of wood	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A net woven of willow and rushes, carried in their beaks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 net	det
2	net	net	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carried	nsubj:pass
3	woven	weave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 net	acl
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 willow	case
5	willow	willow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 woven	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 rushes	cc
7	rushes	rush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 woven	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 carried	punct
9	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 beaks	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 beaks	nmod:poss
12	beaks	beak	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	weave	participle	a net not said here		of willow	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of willow=Trajectory
2	rush	present				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	carry	participle · passive	a net	their beaks		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in beak=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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