Exam question 4 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Wild Swans, part 233: Eliza fl…

For what reason did the youngest swan remain behind with Eliza during the day?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: youngest swan · What happens: do, remain

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1022 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Wild Swans, part 233: Eliza flies over the sea and waits on a tiny rock» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 did	obj
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 what	acl:relcl
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 swan	det
6	youngest	young	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 swan	amod
7	swan	swan	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 remain	nsubj
8	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 did	ccomp
9	behind	behind	ADV	_	8 remain	advmod
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 Eliza	case
11	Eliza	Eliza	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 remain	obl
12	during	during	ADP	_	14 day	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 day	det
14	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 remain	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past							tree rules
2	remain	present	the youngest swan				day	with Eliza; behind property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He was hungry and tired

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hungry	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 hungry	cop
3	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 tired	cc
5	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hungry	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	He					hungry property	tree rules
2	be		He not said here						tree rules

Option 2

He was too weak to fly across the wide ocean again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 weak	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 weak	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 weak	advmod
4	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 fly	mark
6	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 weak	advcl
7	across	across	ADP	_	10 ocean	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ocean	det
9	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ocean	amod
10	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fly	obl
11	again	again	ADV	_	6 fly	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	He					weak property	tree rules
2	fly	to-infinitive	He not said here			the wide ocean	again		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across ocean=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He wished to lay his head in his sister's lap and be near her

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wished	nsubj
2	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 lay	mark
4	lay	lay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wished	advcl
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 head	nmod:poss
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lay	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	11 lap	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 sister	nmod:poss
9	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 lap	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 sister	case
11	lap	lap	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lay	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 be	cc
13	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 lay	conj
14	near	near	ADP	_	15 her	case
15	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 be	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	wish	past	He				vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	lay	to-infinitive	He not said here	his head	his sister's lap		vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme in lap=Destination
3	be	infinitive	He not said here			near her = she	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near she=Location

Option 4

He wished to sing a song to his sister for the night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wished	nsubj
2	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 sing	mark
4	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wished	xcomp
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 song	det
6	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sing	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 sister	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 sister	nmod:poss
9	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sing	obl
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 night	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 night	det
12	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wish	past	He						vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	sing speech: express not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	a song	his sister		night		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent song=Topic to sister=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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