Exam question 3 · Andersen's Tales, The Story of the Year: sparrows, Winter…

Which of the following accurately identifies the reason the town sparrow gives for remaining in the city rather than departing for the country?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: town sparrow · What happens: follow, identify, give, remain, depart · To what, where: reason, city

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1031 «Andersen's Tales, The Story of the Year: sparrows, Winter and the two children of Spring» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 identifies	advmod
6	identifies	identify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 reason	det
8	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 identifies	obj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sparrow	det
10	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sparrow	compound
11	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 gives	nsubj
12	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 reason	acl:relcl
13	for	for	SCONJ	_	14 remaining	mark
14	remaining	remain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 gives	advcl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 city	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 city	det
17	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 remaining	obl
18	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	20 departing	cc
19	than	than	ADP	_	18 rather	fixed
20	departing	depart	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 remaining	conj
21	for	for	ADP	_	23 country	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 country	det
23	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 departing	obl
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	identify	present		the reason		accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
3	give	present	the town sparrow	the reason not said here			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
4	remain	gerund	the town sparrow not said here		the city		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in city=Location
5	depart	gerund	the town sparrow not said here			for the country	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Her nest was built in an old boot that a girl had left hanging on the cold garden wall by the gate

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 nest	nmod:poss
2	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 built	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 built	aux:pass
4	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 boot	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 boot	det
7	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 boot	amod
8	boot	boot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 built	obl
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 left	nsubj:pass
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 girl	det
11	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 left	nsubj:pass
12	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 left	aux
13	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 boot	acl:relcl
14	hanging	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 left	xcomp
15	on	on	ADP	_	19 wall	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 wall	det
17	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 wall	amod
18	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 wall	compound
19	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 hanging	obl
20	by	by	ADP	_	22 gate	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 gate	det
22	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 left	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	build	past · passive		Her nest	a old boot	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2	leave	past · perfect · passive	the gate	a old boot		tree rules
3	hang	gerund	a old boot not said here		the cold garden wall	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on wall=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A family has provided flower-pots containing holes in which her nest was built

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 family	det
2	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 provided	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 provided	aux
4	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	flower	flower	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pots	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 flower	punct
7	pots	pot	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 provided	obj
8	containing	contain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 holes	amod
9	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 provided	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 which	case
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 built	obl
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 nest	nmod:poss
13	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 built	nsubj:pass
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 built	aux:pass
15	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 holes	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	provide	present · perfect	a family	flower pots		vn ensure-99 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Precondition pot=Beneficiary hole=Theme
2	contain	gerund				vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
3	build	past · passive		family's nest	containing holes	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 3

A farmer offered her a dry barn in which to rear her young and keep warm

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 farmer	det
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 offered	nsubj
3	offered	offer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 offered	iobj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 barn	det
6	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 barn	amod
7	barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 offered	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 barn	nmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 rear	mark
11	rear	rear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 offered	advcl
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 young	nmod:poss
13	young	young	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rear	obj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 keep	cc
15	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 rear	conj
16	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	offer	past	a farmer	a dry barn	her = she		vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent she=Goal barn=Theme
2	rear	to-infinitive	a farmer not said here	farmer's young			vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent young=Patient
3	keep	infinitive	a farmer not said here			warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

A girl who lives there keeps feeding her every morning with crumbs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 keeps	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 lives	nsubj
4	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 girl	acl:relcl
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 lives	advmod
6	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	feeding	feed	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 keeps	xcomp
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 morning	nmod:poss
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 morning	det
10	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 feeding	obj
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 crumbs	case
12	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 feeding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	a girl	there			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	keep	present	a girl				tree rules
3	feed	gerund	a girl not said here		morning	with crumbs	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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