Exam question 3 · Celtic Legends, Fionn and the Fawn, part 16: the pet fawn…

What, according to Saeve, is the relation of the Dark Man to herself?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: accord, be · To what, where: relation

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1048 «Celtic Legends, Fionn and the Fawn, part 16: the pet fawn is spared, and Saeve comes to Fionn's door at night» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct
3	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 Saeve	case
4	to	to	ADP	_	3 according	fixed
5	Saeve	Saeve	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 relation	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Saeve	punct
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 relation	cop
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 relation	det
9	relation	relation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 Man	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Man	det
12	Dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Man	amod
13	Man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 relation	nmod
14	to	to	ADP	_	15 herself	case
15	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	13 Man	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present		the relation				accord Saeve; of the Dark Man to relation	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He is her friend who visited her home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 friend	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 friend	cop
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 friend	nmod:poss
4	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 visited	nsubj
6	visited	visit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 friend	acl:relcl
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 home	nmod:poss
8	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 visited	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	He	her friend					tree rules
2	visit	past	her friend	friend's home					vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Co-Agent

Option 2

He is her enemy, who asked her in marriage and was refused by her family at the hill

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 enemy	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 enemy	cop
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 enemy	nmod:poss
4	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 asked	punct
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 asked	nsubj
7	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 enemy	parataxis
8	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 asked	iobj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 marriage	case
10	marriage	marriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 asked	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 refused	cc
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 refused	aux:pass
13	refused	refuse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 asked	conj
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 family	case
15	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 family	nmod:poss
16	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 refused	obl
17	at	at	ADP	_	19 hill	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 hill	det
19	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 refused	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	is a	present	He	her enemy			tree rules
2	ask speech: ask	past	her enemy		her = she	marriage	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient
3	refuse	past · passive	her family			the hill	vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He is her enemy, who asked her in marriage

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 enemy	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 enemy	cop
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 enemy	nmod:poss
4	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 asked	punct
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 asked	nsubj
7	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 enemy	acl:relcl
8	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 asked	iobj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 marriage	case
10	marriage	marriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 asked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	He	her enemy					tree rules
2	ask speech: ask	past	her enemy		her = she	marriage			vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient

Option 4

He is her lover who asked her to stay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 lover	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lover	cop
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 lover	nmod:poss
4	lover	lover	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 asked	nsubj
6	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 lover	acl:relcl
7	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 asked	iobj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 stay	mark
9	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 asked	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	is a	present	He	her lover		tree rules
2	ask speech: ask	past	her lover		her = she	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic
3	stay not said to happen	to-infinitive	her lover not said here			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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