Exam question 4 · Irish Tales, The Wooing of Delvcaem, part 34: Art crosses…

With reference to the text, describe the manner in which Morgan contests the combat with Art.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Morgan · What happens: describe, contest · To what, where: manner, combat

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1066 «Irish Tales, The Wooing of Delvcaem, part 34: Art crosses monsters and dangers, then fights Dog Head and Morgan» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 reference	case
2	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 describe	obl
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 text	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 text	det
5	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reference	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 reference	punct
7	describe	describe	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 manner	det
9	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 describe	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 which	case
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 contests	obl
12	Morgan	Morgan	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 contests	nsubj
13	contests	contest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 describe	advcl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 combat	det
15	combat	combat	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 contests	obj
16	with	with	ADP	_	17 Art	case
17	Art	Art	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 combat	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 describe	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	describe	imperative	you not said here	the manner				with reference to the text	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent manner=Theme
2	contest	present	Morgan	the combat				with Art	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He changes his shape many times over, and each new form attacks Art from a different direction until he is wounded at last

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 changes	nsubj
2	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 shape	nmod:poss
4	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changes	obj
5	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 times	amod
6	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 over	obl:unmarked
7	over	over	ADV	_	2 changes	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 attacks	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 attacks	cc
10	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	12 form	det
11	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 form	amod
12	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 attacks	nsubj
13	attacks	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 changes	parataxis
14	Art	Art	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 attacks	obj
15	from	from	ADP	_	18 direction	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 direction	det
17	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 direction	amod
18	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 attacks	obl
19	until	until	SCONJ	_	22 wounded	mark
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 wounded	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 wounded	aux:pass
22	wounded	wound	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 attacks	advcl
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 last	case
24	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 wounded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	change	present	He	his shape		over property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient
2	attack	present	each new form	Art	a different direction		vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Patient
3	wound	present · passive		form	last		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer

Option 2

He uses hags and toads to surround Art in the hall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	hags	hag	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 uses	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 toads	cc
5	toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hags	conj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 surround	mark
7	surround	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 uses	advcl
8	Art	Art	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 surround	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 hall	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 hall	det
11	hall	hall	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 surround	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	He	hags and toads					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hag=Patient
2	surround	to-infinitive	He not said here		Art			in the hall	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent art=Destination in hall=Theme

Option 3

He sends his servants to block every door of the hall so that Art cannot escape, then he attacks from the rear and sides.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sends	nsubj
2	sends	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 servants	nmod:poss
4	servants	servant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sends	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 block	mark
6	block	block	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 sends	advcl
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 door	det
8	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 block	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 hall	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 hall	det
11	hall	hall	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 door	nmod
12	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	17 escape	mark
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 so	fixed
14	Art	Art	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 escape	nsubj
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 escape	aux
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 escape	advmod
17	escape	escape	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 block	advcl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 attacks	punct
19	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	21 attacks	advmod
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 attacks	nsubj
21	attacks	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sends	conj
22	from	from	ADP	_	24 rear	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 rear	det
24	rear	rear	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 attacks	obl
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 sides	cc
26	sides	side	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 rear	conj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sends	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	send	present	He	his servants			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent servant=Theme
2	block	to-infinitive	He not said here	every door of the hall			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer door=Theme
3	not escape	can	Art				vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	attack	present	Art		the rear and sides	then	vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He alters his shape and attacks from new directions.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 alters	nsubj
2	alters	alter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 shape	nmod:poss
4	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 alters	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 attacks	cc
6	attacks	attack	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 shape	conj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 directions	case
8	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 directions	amod
9	directions	direction	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 attacks	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 alters	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	alter	present	He	his shape and attacks from new directions					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent shape=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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