Exam question 2 · Russian Folk-Tales, The Forty-First Brother: the foal save…

What instruction did the foal give concerning the nightshirts, and what was its consequence for the sleeping party?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: instruction, foal · What happens: do, give, concern, be · To what, where: consequence

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1129 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Forty-First Brother: the foal saves the brothers from Wednesday and the youngest wins the Tsar's favour» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	DET	PronType=Int	2 instruction	det
2	instruction	instruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 did	nsubj
3	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 foal	det
5	foal	foal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 give	nsubj
6	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 did	ccomp
7	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 nightshirts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 nightshirts	det
9	nightshirts	nightshirt	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 give	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 consequence	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 consequence	cc
12	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 consequence	nsubj
13	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 consequence	cop
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 consequence	nmod:poss
15	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 did	obl
16	for	for	ADP	_	19 party	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 party	det
18	sleeping	sleeping	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 party	compound
19	party	party	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 consequence	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	past	what instruction			tree rules
2	give	present	the foal		concern the nightshirts	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	concern	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	is a	past		foal's consequence	for the sleeping party	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Swap the shirts, so the Tsar's men were fooled into a feast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swap	swap	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 shirts	det
3	shirts	shirt	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Swap	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 fooled	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	11 fooled	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Tsar	det
7	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 men	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Tsar	case
9	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fooled	nsubj:pass
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 fooled	aux:pass
11	fooled	fool	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Swap	parataxis
12	into	into	ADP	_	14 feast	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 feast	det
14	feast	feast	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fooled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swap	imperative	you not said here	the shirts					vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shirt=Theme
2	fool	past · passive		the Tsar's men				into a feast result	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient into feast=Result

Option 2

Keep the nightshirts, and the brides were all wrongly spared at dawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 nightshirts	det
3	nightshirts	nightshirt	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Keep	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 spared	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 spared	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 brides	det
7	brides	bride	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 spared	nsubj:pass
8	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 spared	aux:pass
9	all	all	ADV	_	11 spared	advmod
10	wrongly	wrongly	ADV	_	11 spared	advmod
11	spared	spare	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Keep	parataxis
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 dawn	case
13	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 spared	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here	the nightshirts					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nightshirt=Theme
2	spare	past · passive		the brides			dawn	all, wrongly property	vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: subject=Asset

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Exchange the nightshirts, causing the wrongful beheading of the brides

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Exchange	exchange	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 nightshirts	det
3	nightshirts	nightshirt	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Exchange	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 causing	punct
5	causing	cause	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Exchange	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 beheading	det
7	wrongful	wrongful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 beheading	amod
8	beheading	beheading	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 causing	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 brides	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 brides	det
11	brides	bride	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 beheading	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exchange	imperative	you not said here	the nightshirts					vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nightshirt=Theme
2	cause	gerund	you not said here	the wrongful beheading of the brides					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition beheading=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Swap them, which saved the brides

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swap	swap	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Swap	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 saved	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 saved	nsubj
5	saved	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Swap	parataxis
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 brides	det
7	brides	bride	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 saved	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swap	imperative	you not said here	them = they					vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
2	save	past		the brides					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bride=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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