Exam question 3 · Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse: Ian wins the bride…

By what means did the raven instruct Ian to identify himself to strangers?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: raven · What happens: mean, instruct, identify · To what, where: Ian

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1143 «Gutenberg 3027, Ian and the Grey Horse: Ian wins the bride, the spells break, and the false brothers are shamed» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	3 means	mark
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 instruct	advcl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 instruct	aux
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 raven	det
6	raven	raven	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 instruct	nsubj
7	instruct	instruct	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	Ian	Ian	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 instruct	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 identify	mark
10	identify	identify	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 instruct	advcl
11	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	10 identify	obj
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 strangers	case
13	strangers	stranger	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 identify	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 instruct	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	mean	present					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	instruct speech: other	past · do-support	the raven		Ian		vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ian=Recipient
3	identify	to-infinitive	the raven not said here	Ian		to strangers	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent himself=Theme to stranger=be'

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

by a secret sign

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	ADP	_	4 sign	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 sign	det
3	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sign	amod
4	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

by singing a loud song

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 singing	mark
2	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 song	det
4	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 song	amod
5	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 singing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	gerund		a loud song					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

by naming the place behind him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 naming	mark
2	naming	name	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 place	det
4	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 naming	obj
5	behind	behind	ADP	_	6 him	case
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 naming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	name	gerund		the place				behind him = he	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme

Option 4

by naming the town where he lived

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 naming	mark
2	naming	name	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 town	det
4	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 naming	obj
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	7 lived	advmod
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lived	nsubj
7	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 town	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	name	gerund		the town					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme
2	live	past	he						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1143-pg3027-part9/e3/