Exam question 4 · d'Aulnoy's Fairy Tales, The Bird of Truth, part 55: the bo…

What, according to the text, is the chief difficulty that remains after the boy has obtained the bird?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: chief difficulty · What happens: accord, be, remain, obtain · To what, where: text, chief difficulty, boy

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1189 «d'Aulnoy's Fairy Tales, The Bird of Truth, part 55: the boy takes the white bird from the aviary, the enchanted water frees the captives, and the courtiers plot against the bird» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 according	punct
3	according	accord	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 What	advcl
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 text	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 text	det
6	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 according	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 difficulty	punct
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 difficulty	cop
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 difficulty	det
10	chief	chief	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 difficulty	amod
11	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	appos
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 remains	nsubj
13	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 difficulty	acl:relcl
14	after	after	SCONJ	_	18 obtained	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 boy	det
16	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 obtained	nsubj:pass
17	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 obtained	aux
18	obtained	obtain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 remains	ccomp
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 bird	det
20	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 obtained	obj
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund			to the text goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to text=Goal
2	is a	present		the chief difficulty		tree rules
3	remain	present	the chief difficulty			tree rules
4	obtain	present · perfect · passive		the boy		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Carrying the bird to the king without her being seized by the wicked courtiers who are waiting in the hall with cages and poison

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Carrying	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 seized	csubj:pass
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bird	det
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Carrying	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 king	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 king	det
6	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Carrying	obl
7	without	without	SCONJ	_	10 seized	mark
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 seized	nmod:poss
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 seized	aux:pass
10	seized	seize	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	by	by	ADP	_	14 courtiers	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 courtiers	det
13	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 courtiers	amod
14	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 seized	obl
15	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 waiting	nsubj
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 waiting	aux
17	waiting	wait	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 courtiers	acl:relcl
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 hall	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 hall	det
20	hall	hall	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 waiting	obl
21	with	with	ADP	_	22 cages	case
22	cages	cage	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 waiting	obl
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 poison	cc
24	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 cages	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	carry	gerund		the bird	the king			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bird=Theme to king=Destination
2	seize	gerund · passive	Carrying				by the wicked courtiers	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»
3	wait	present · progressive	the wicked courtiers			the hall	with cages and poison	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hall=Location

Option 2

Persuading the bird to fly back to the king's hall without a fight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Persuading	persuade	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bird	det
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Persuading	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 fly	mark
5	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Persuading	advcl
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 fly	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	11 hall	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 king	det
9	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hall	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 king	case
11	hall	hall	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fly	obl
12	without	without	ADP	_	14 fight	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 fight	det
14	fight	fight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	persuade	gerund		the bird					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Patient
2	fly back	to-infinitive						to the king's hall result; without a fight	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to hall=Result

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Carrying the bird to the king without her being seized by the wicked courtiers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Carrying	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 seized	csubj:pass
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bird	det
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Carrying	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 king	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 king	det
6	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Carrying	obl
7	without	without	SCONJ	_	10 seized	mark
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 seized	nmod:poss
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 seized	aux:pass
10	seized	seize	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	by	by	ADP	_	14 courtiers	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 courtiers	det
13	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 courtiers	amod
14	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 seized	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	gerund		the bird	the king				vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bird=Theme to king=Destination
2	seize	gerund · passive	Carrying					by the wicked courtiers	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Getting the bird past the castle guards without the courtiers noticing her song

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Getting	get	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 guards	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bird	det
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Getting	obj
4	past	past	ADP	_	6 castle	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 castle	det
6	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Getting	obl
7	guards	guard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	without	without	ADP	_	10 courtiers	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 courtiers	det
10	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 guards	obl
11	noticing	notice	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 courtiers	acl
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 song	nmod:poss
13	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 noticing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	get	gerund		the bird	past the castle	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus
2	guard	present	Getting		without the courtiers	vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
3	notice	gerund	the courtiers not said here	bird's song		vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer song=Stimulus
4	sing		bird			nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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