Exam question 4 · Far North Tales, The Fox and the Reindeer: the fox tricks…
In what manner did the fox first induce the boatman to fling him into the stream?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: fox · What happens: do, induce, fling · To what, where: manner, boatman, fox, stream
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1244 «Far North Tales, The Fox and the Reindeer: the fox tricks the Lapp, the fish and the asp» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 manner | case |
| 2 | what | what | DET | PronType=Int | 3 manner | det |
| 3 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 did | obl |
| 4 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 fox | det |
| 6 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 induce | nsubj |
| 7 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 8 induce | advmod |
| 8 | induce | induce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 did | parataxis |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 boatman | det |
| 10 | boatman | boatman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 induce | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 fling | mark |
| 12 | fling | fling | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 induce | advcl |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 fling | obj |
| 14 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 stream | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 stream | det |
| 16 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 fling | obl |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 did | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | what manner | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | induce | present | the fox | the boatman | first property | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boatman=Patient | |||
| 3 | fling | to-infinitive | the fox not said here | fox | the stream | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent he=Theme into stream=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
He loudly complained that his boat had sprung a leak
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 complained | nsubj |
| 2 | loudly | loudly | ADV | _ | 3 complained | advmod |
| 3 | complained | complain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 sprung | mark |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 boat | nmod:poss |
| 6 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sprung | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sprung | aux |
| 8 | sprung | spring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 complained | ccomp |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 leak | det |
| 10 | leak | leak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sprung | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | complain speech: other | past | He | loudly property | vn complain-37.8 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | spring | past · perfect · passive | his boat | tree rules |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
He repeatedly wished aloud that he had a boat to mend.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 wished | nsubj |
| 2 | repeatedly | repeatedly | ADV | _ | 3 wished | advmod |
| 3 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | aloud | aloud | ADV | _ | 3 wished | advmod |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 had | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 had | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 wished | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 boat | det |
| 9 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 had | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 mend | mark |
| 11 | mend | mend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 boat | acl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 wished | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wish | past | He | aloud, repeatedly property | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | have | past | he | a boat | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Patient | ||||
| 3 | mend | to-infinitive | he not said here | a boat not said here | tree rules |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
He repeatedly wished aloud that he had a boat to mend, until the boatman, feeling sorry for him, gave him one
The tree, 21 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 wished | nsubj |
| 2 | repeatedly | repeatedly | ADV | _ | 3 wished | advmod |
| 3 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | aloud | aloud | ADV | _ | 3 wished | advmod |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 had | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 had | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 wished | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 boat | det |
| 9 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 had | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 mend | mark |
| 11 | mend | mend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 boat | acl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 boatman | punct |
| 13 | until | until | ADP | _ | 15 boatman | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 boatman | det |
| 15 | boatman | boatman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 wished | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 feeling | punct |
| 17 | feeling | feel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 wished | advcl |
| 18 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 feeling | xcomp |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 feeling | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 gave | punct |
| 22 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 wished | conj |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 gave | iobj |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 gave | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wish | past | He | until the boatman | aloud, repeatedly property | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||
| 2 | have | past | he | a boat | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Patient | ||||
| 3 | mend | to-infinitive | he not said here | a boat not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | feel | gerund | He not said here | for him = he; sorry property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | give | past | He not said here | one | him = he | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient one=Theme |
Option 4
He kept saying he needed a boat to repair today
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 kept | nsubj |
| 2 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 needed | nsubj |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 needed | nsubj |
| 5 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 kept | ccomp |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 boat | det |
| 7 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 kept | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 repair | mark |
| 9 | repair | repair | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 kept | advcl |
| 10 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 repair | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | past | He | a boat | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | need | past | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 4 | repair | to-infinitive | He not said here | today | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1244-pg3282-part45/e4/