Test 1 · ★ · African Folk-Tales, The Tortoise and the Monkey, part 60:…
yo did u see the tortoise make that stag run till he croaked?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: yo, tortoise, stag · What happens: see, make, run, croak · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 1259 «African Folk-Tales, The Tortoise and the Monkey, part 60: the tortoise tricks the fox and the stag, and the monkey cheats the barber and the villagers» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yo | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 see | nsubj |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | aux |
| 3 | u | you | PRON | Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 see | nsubj |
| 4 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tortoise | det |
| 6 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 make | nsubj |
| 7 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | ccomp |
| 8 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 stag | det |
| 9 | stag | stag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 run | nsubj |
| 10 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 make | xcomp |
| 11 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 13 croaked | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 croaked | nsubj |
| 13 | croaked | croak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 run | advcl |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past · do-support | yo | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | make | present | the tortoise | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | run | present | that stag | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | croak | participle | stag | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
nah, the stag beat him fair and square in the end of the race
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nah | nah | INTJ | _ | 5 beat | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 nah | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 stag | det |
| 4 | stag | stag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 beat | nsubj |
| 5 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 beat | obj |
| 7 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 beat | xcomp |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 square | cc |
| 9 | square | square | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 fair | conj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 end | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 end | det |
| 12 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 beat | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 race | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 race | det |
| 15 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 end | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beat | past | the stag | him = he | in the end of the race | fair property | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Patient in end=Topic |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
the tortoise cheated him with his cousins under the ferns
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tortoise | det |
| 2 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cheated | nsubj |
| 3 | cheated | cheat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 cheated | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 cousins | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 cousins | nmod:poss |
| 7 | cousins | cousin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cheated | obl |
| 8 | under | under | ADP | _ | 10 ferns | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 ferns | det |
| 10 | ferns | fern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cheated | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cheat | past | the tortoise | him = he | the ferns | with tortoise's cousins | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Source |
Option 3
yeah, the tortoise sneaked past the stag by hiding in the ferns
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yeah | yeah | INTJ | _ | 5 sneaked | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 sneaked | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 tortoise | det |
| 4 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sneaked | nsubj |
| 5 | sneaked | sneak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | past | past | ADP | _ | 8 stag | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 stag | det |
| 8 | stag | stag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sneaked | obl |
| 9 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 10 hiding | mark |
| 10 | hiding | hide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 sneaked | advcl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 ferns | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 ferns | det |
| 13 | ferns | fern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 hiding | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sneak | past | the tortoise | the stag | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past stag=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | hide | gerund | the tortoise not said here | the ferns | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in fern=Location |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
nah, he just ran fast
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nah | nah | INTJ | _ | 5 ran | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 nah | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | just | just | ADV | _ | 5 ran | advmod |
| 5 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 ran | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | he | fast property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1259-pg3282-part60/t1/