Exam question 1 · Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, part 1: Iktomi t…

In what manner did Iktomi induce the ducks to enter the straw hut?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Iktomi · What happens: induce, enter · To what, where: ducks, manner, straw hut

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1264 «Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, part 1: Iktomi tricks the ducks with a song, roasts them, and ignores a crying tree» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 manner	case
2	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 induce	obl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 induce	aux
5	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 induce	nsubj
6	induce	induce	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ducks	det
8	ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 induce	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 enter	mark
10	enter	enter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 induce	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 hut	det
12	straw	straw	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hut	compound
13	hut	hut	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 enter	obj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 induce	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	induce	past · do-support	Iktomi	the ducks		what manner			vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duck=Patient
2	enter	to-infinitive	Iktomi not said here	the straw hut					vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hut=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

By showing a bundle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 showing	mark
2	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bundle	det
4	bundle	bundle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 showing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	gerund		a bundle					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent bundle=Recipient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

By displaying a bundle of songs and offering to perform

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 displaying	mark
2	displaying	display	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bundle	det
4	bundle	bundle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 displaying	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 songs	case
6	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bundle	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 offering	cc
8	offering	offer	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 displaying	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 perform	mark
10	perform	perform	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 offering	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	display	gerund	a bundle of songs	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bundle=Theme
2	offer	gerund		tree rules
3	perform not said to happen	to-infinitive		vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

By singing loudly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 singing	mark
2	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	2 singing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	gerund						loudly property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

By pointing at the old tree and telling them to rest there now

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 pointing	mark
2	pointing	point	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	6 tree	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tree	det
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 tree	amod
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pointing	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 telling	cc
8	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 pointing	conj
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 telling	iobj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 rest	mark
11	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 telling	xcomp
12	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 rest	advmod
13	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 rest	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	to whom	where	when	roles by
1	point	gerund		the old tree		vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	tell speech: assert	gerund	them = they			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic
3	rest not said to happen	to-infinitive		there	now	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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