Exam question 1 · Gutenberg 3454 tales, The Jogi's Punishment, part 6: the p…

To what extent was the prince bound by the oath he had sworn to the old woman?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: he · What happens: be, bind, swear · To what, where: prince, oath

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1281 «Gutenberg 3454 tales, The Jogi's Punishment, part 6: the prince learns his bride's secret, and the rajah's daughter flees a jogi's love» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	ADP	_	3 extent	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 extent	nsubj
3	extent	extent	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 prince	obl
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 prince	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 prince	det
6	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	bound	bind	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 prince	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 oath	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 oath	det
10	oath	oath	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bound	obl
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 sworn	nsubj
12	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 sworn	aux
13	sworn	swear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	10 oath	acl:relcl
14	to	to	ADP	_	17 woman	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 woman	det
16	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 woman	amod
17	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sworn	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 prince	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	past		the prince	to extent	tree rules
2	bind	participle		the prince not said here	by the oath	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	swear	past · perfect	he	the oath not said here	to the old woman	vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent oath=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He considered it binding only in his own heart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 considered	nsubj
2	considered	consider	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 considered	obj
4	binding	bind	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 considered	xcomp
5	only	only	ADV	_	9 heart	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 heart	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 heart	nmod:poss
8	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 heart	amod
9	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 binding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consider	past	He	it					vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent it=Attribute clause=Theme
2	bind	gerund	He not said here			his own heart			vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He was bound by the king's command to keep it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bound	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 bound	aux:pass
3	bound	bind	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	8 command	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 king	det
6	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 command	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 king	case
8	command	command	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bound	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 keep	mark
10	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 bound	advcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 keep	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	bind	past · passive	the king's command	He	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	keep	to-infinitive	the king's command not said here	command	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	command		the king		nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

He owed it nothing whatever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 owed	nsubj
2	owed	owe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 owed	obj
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 owed	obj
5	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 nothing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	owe	past	He	it					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent it=Goal nothing=Theme

Option 4

He was not bound at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 bound	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 bound	aux:pass
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 bound	advmod
4	bound	bind	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 bound	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not bind	past · passive		He		all			vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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