Exam question 2 · More Celtic Fairy Tales, The Story of a Very Bad Boy, part…

With reference to the text, which action did Antoine take in order to secure the wolf, and why did this action succeed where his mother's warnings had failed?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Antoine, action, warnings, mother · What happens: take in, secure, succeed, fail, warn · To what, where: order, wolf

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1294 «More Celtic Fairy Tales, The Story of a Very Bad Boy, part 1: Toueno-Boueno catches a wolf by the tail and sells it as a ram, and the wolf ruins the brothers' sheep» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 reference	case
2	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 take	obl
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 text	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 text	det
5	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reference	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 action	punct
7	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	8 action	det
8	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 text	conj
9	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 take	aux
10	Antoine	Antoine	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 take	nsubj
11	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
12	in	in	ADP	_	11 take	compound:prt
13	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 take	obj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 secure	mark
15	secure	secure	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 take	advcl
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 wolf	det
17	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 secure	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 succeed	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 succeed	cc
20	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	24 succeed	advmod
21	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 succeed	aux
22	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	23 action	det
23	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 succeed	nsubj
24	succeed	succeed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 take	conj
25	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	31 failed	advmod
26	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 mother	nmod:poss
27	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 warnings	nmod:poss
28	's	's	PART	_	27 mother	case
29	warnings	warning	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 failed	nsubj
30	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 failed	aux
31	failed	fail	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	24 succeed	advcl
32	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 take	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	take in	past · do-support	Antoine	order	with reference to the text and which action	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Theme
2	secure	to-infinitive	Antoine not said here	the wolf		vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wolf=Theme
3	succeed	past · do-support	this action			vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	fail	past · perfect	action's mother's warnings			vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	warn		action's mother			nom warning «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He tied the wolf's legs, because the wolf was too weak to run

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 tied	nsubj
2	tied	tie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wolf	det
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 legs	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 wolf	case
6	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tied	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 weak	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 weak	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 wolf	det
10	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 weak	nsubj
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 weak	cop
12	too	too	ADV	_	13 weak	advmod
13	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 tied	conj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 run	mark
15	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 weak	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	tie	past	He	the wolf's legs		vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
2	is	past	the wolf		weak property	tree rules
3	run	to-infinitive	the wolf not said here			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

He seized the wolf's tail, because the wolf had already been caught by the three brothers and could not turn its head to look behind, so the mother warned him

The tree, 31 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 seized	nsubj
2	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wolf	det
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tail	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 wolf	case
6	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seized	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 caught	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	14 caught	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 wolf	det
10	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 caught	nsubj:pass
11	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 caught	aux
12	already	already	ADV	_	14 caught	advmod
13	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	14 caught	aux:pass
14	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 seized	conj
15	by	by	ADP	_	18 brothers	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 brothers	det
17	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 brothers	nummod
18	brothers	brother	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 caught	obl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 turn	cc
20	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 turn	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 turn	advmod
22	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 seized	conj
23	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 head	nmod:poss
24	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 turn	obj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 look	mark
26	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 turn	advcl
27	behind	behind	ADV	_	26 look	advmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 warned	punct
29	so	so	ADV	_	32 warned	advmod
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 mother	det
31	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 warned	nsubj
32	warned	warn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 seized	conj
33	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 warned	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	seize	past	He	the wolf's tail			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme
2	catch	past · perfect · passive	the three brothers	the wolf			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
3	not turn	could	He not said here	wolf's head			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme
4	look	to-infinitive	He not said here			behind property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
5	warn speech: warn	past	the mother		him = he		vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He seized the wolf's tail, because the wolf could not turn its head to look behind

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 seized	nsubj
2	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wolf	det
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tail	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 wolf	case
6	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seized	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 turn	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 turn	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 wolf	det
10	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 turn	nsubj
11	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 turn	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 turn	advmod
13	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 seized	conj
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 head	nmod:poss
15	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 turn	obj
16	to	to	PART	_	17 look	mark
17	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 turn	advcl
18	behind	behind	ADV	_	17 look	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	seize	past	He	the wolf's tail		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme
2	not turn	could	the wolf	wolf's head		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme
3	look	to-infinitive	the wolf not said here		behind property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

He seized the wolf's tail after his mother had warned him many times, because the wolf could not turn its head to look behind it and thus the trap worked

The tree, 31 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 seized	nsubj
2	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wolf	det
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tail	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 wolf	case
6	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seized	obj
7	after	after	SCONJ	_	11 warned	mark
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 mother	nmod:poss
9	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 warned	nsubj
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 warned	aux
11	warned	warn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 seized	conj
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 warned	obj
13	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 times	amod
14	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 warned	obl:unmarked
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 turn	punct
16	because	because	SCONJ	_	21 turn	mark
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 wolf	det
18	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 turn	nsubj
19	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 turn	aux
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 turn	advmod
21	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 seized	conj
22	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 head	nmod:poss
23	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 turn	obj
24	to	to	PART	_	25 look	mark
25	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 turn	advcl
26	behind	behind	ADP	_	27 it	case
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 look	obl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 worked	cc
29	thus	thus	ADV	_	32 worked	advmod
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 trap	det
31	trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 worked	nsubj
32	worked	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 seized	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	seize	past	He	the wolf's tail				vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme
2	warn speech: warn	past · perfect	his mother		him = he	time		vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
3	not turn	could	the wolf	wolf's head				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme
4	look	to-infinitive	the wolf not said here				behind wolf	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent behind it=Theme
5	work	past	the trap				thus property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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