Exam question 1 · Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to…
Which of the following describes the means by which the protagonist was carried out to sea?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: the · What happens: follow, describe, mean, carry out · To what, where: protagonist · Speech: someone speaks here
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1298 «Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to sea and sails round the world in a dream» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 describes | obj |
| 2 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 5 describes | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 following | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 describes | nsubj |
| 5 | describes | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 means | advcl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 means | nsubj |
| 7 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 which | case |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 carried | obl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 protagonist | det |
| 11 | protagonist | protagonist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 carried | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 carried | aux:pass |
| 13 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 means | ccomp |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 13 carried | compound:prt |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 sea | case |
| 16 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 carried | obl |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | describe | present | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent which=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | mean | present | the | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | carry out | past · passive | the protagonist | to sea | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The wind, blowing from the land, drove the untethered boat beyond the shore.
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wind | det |
| 2 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 drove | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 blowing | punct |
| 4 | blowing | blow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 wind | acl |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 land | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 blowing | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 wind | punct |
| 9 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 boat | det |
| 11 | untethered | untether | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 boat | amod |
| 12 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 drove | obj |
| 13 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 15 shore | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 shore | det |
| 15 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 drove | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 drove | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | blow | gerund | the wind not said here | from the land | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from land=Co-Patient | ||||
| 2 | drive | past | the wind | the untethered boat | the shore | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent boat=Theme beyond shore=Destination | |||
| 3 | untether | participle | tree rules |
Option 2
Waves from the sea swept the rowing boat away from the coastline.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 swept | nsubj |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 sea | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 sea | det |
| 4 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Waves | nmod |
| 5 | swept | sweep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 boat | det |
| 7 | rowing | rowing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 boat | compound |
| 8 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 swept | obj |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 5 swept | advmod |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 coastline | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 coastline | det |
| 12 | coastline | coastline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 away | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 swept | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sweep | past | Waves from the sea | the rowing boat | away property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme boat=Trajectory |
Option 3
The tide, flowing out, carried the unmoored boat away from the land.
The tree, 12 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tide | det |
| 2 | tide | tide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 carried | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 flowing | punct |
| 4 | flowing | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 tide | acl |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 flowing | compound:prt |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 tide | punct |
| 7 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 boat | det |
| 9 | unmoored | unmoor | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 boat | amod |
| 10 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 carried | obj |
| 11 | away | away | ADV | _ | 7 carried | advmod |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 land | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 land | det |
| 14 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 carried | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 carried | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flow out | gerund | the tide not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | carry | past | the tide | the unmoored boat | the land | away property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent boat=Theme from land=Initial_Location | ||
| 3 | unmoor | participle | tree rules |
Option 4
The current pulled the boat.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 current | det |
| 2 | current | current | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pulled | nsubj |
| 3 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 boat | det |
| 5 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pulled | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 pulled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull | past | the current | the boat | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/e1/