Exam question 4 · Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to…

Which of the following is the protagonist's principal reason for refusing to land at each place?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, be, refuse, not land · To what, where: place

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1298 «Topelius Tales, Little Lasse, part 23: Lasse drifts out to sea and sails round the world in a dream» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 reason	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	10 reason	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reason	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 reason	case
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 reason	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 protagonist	det
7	protagonist	protagonist	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 reason	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 protagonist	case
9	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 reason	amod
10	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	for	for	SCONJ	_	12 refusing	mark
12	refusing	refuse	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 reason	advcl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 land	mark
14	land	land	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 refusing	xcomp
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 place	case
16	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	17 place	det
17	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 land	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 reason	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present		of the protagonist's principal reason	tree rules
3	refuse	gerund			vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	not land	to-infinitive	each place		vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He had heard stories that each place was full of beasts, whales, and heat, so he decided that he would rather remain on the ship.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 heard	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 heard	aux
3	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 heard	obj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 full	nsubj
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 place	det
7	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 full	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 full	cop
9	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 stories	acl:relcl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 beasts	case
11	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 full	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 whales	punct
13	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 beasts	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 heat	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 heat	cc
16	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 beasts	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 decided	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	20 decided	advmod
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 decided	nsubj
20	decided	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 heard	conj
21	that	that	SCONJ	_	25 remain	mark
22	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 remain	nsubj
23	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 remain	aux
24	rather	rather	ADV	_	25 remain	advmod
25	remain	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 decided	ccomp
26	on	on	ADP	_	28 ship	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 ship	det
28	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 remain	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 heard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hear	past · perfect	He	stories			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus
2	is	past	stories			of beasts and whales and heat; full property	tree rules
3	decide	past	he				vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	remain	would	he		the ship		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ship=Location

Option 2

He feared the dangers of each place, such as beasts, whales, heat, and cold, and he simply wanted to stay in Europe with his family and home.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 feared	nsubj
2	feared	fear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 dangers	det
4	dangers	danger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 feared	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 place	case
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 place	det
7	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dangers	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 beasts	punct
9	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	11 beasts	case
10	as	as	ADP	_	9 such	fixed
11	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 place	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 whales	punct
13	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 place	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 heat	punct
15	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 whales	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 cold	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 cold	cc
18	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 feared	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 wanted	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 wanted	cc
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 wanted	nsubj
22	simply	simply	ADV	_	23 wanted	advmod
23	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 feared	conj
24	to	to	PART	_	25 stay	mark
25	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 wanted	xcomp
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 Europe	case
27	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 stay	obl
28	with	with	ADP	_	30 family	case
29	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	30 family	nmod:poss
30	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 stay	obl
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 home	cc
32	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 family	conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 feared	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	fear	past	He	the dangers of each place and beasts and whales and heat			vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer danger=Stimulus
2	want	past	he			simply property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	stay not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here		Europe	with Europe's family and home	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location

Option 3

He worried that the captain would punish him for leaving the ship early.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 worried	nsubj
2	worried	worry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 punish	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 captain	det
5	captain	captain	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 punish	nsubj
6	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 punish	aux
7	punish	punish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 worried	advcl
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 punish	obj
9	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 leaving	mark
10	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 punish	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 ship	det
12	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 leaving	obj
13	early	early	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 leaving	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 worried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	worry	past	He			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	punish	would	the captain	him = he		vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient
3	leave	gerund	the captain not said here	the ship	early property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He feared the dangers of each place, such as beasts, whales, and heat.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 feared	nsubj
2	feared	fear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 dangers	det
4	dangers	danger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 feared	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 place	case
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 place	det
7	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dangers	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 beasts	punct
9	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	11 beasts	case
10	as	as	ADP	_	9 such	fixed
11	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 place	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 whales	punct
13	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 place	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 heat	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 heat	cc
16	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feared	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 feared	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fear	past	He	the dangers of each place and beasts and whales				heat obl	vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer danger=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1298-pg3454-part23/e4/