Exam question 3 · Myths and Legends of China, The Shinansha, or the South Po…

From what observation did the Emperor derive the principle of the first boat?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: observation, Emperor · What happens: do, derive · To what, where: principle

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1349 «Myths and Legends of China, The Shinansha, or the South Pointing Carriage, part 9: Kotei beats the fog and crosses the river in boats made after a spider's leaf» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	From	from	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
3	observation	observation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	nsubj
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Emperor	det
6	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 derive	nsubj
7	derive	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 principle	det
9	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 derive	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 boat	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 boat	det
12	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	13 boat	amod
13	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 principle	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 what	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	observation						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	derive	present	the Emperor	the principle of the first boat					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location principle=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

a leaf falling into a stream near the bank

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 leaf	det
2	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 leaf	acl
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 stream	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 stream	det
6	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 falling	obl
7	near	near	ADP	_	9 bank	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bank	det
9	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 falling	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	gerund	a leaf not said here			a stream		near the bank	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near bank=Location

Option 2

a beetle floating on a dry branch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 beetle	det
2	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 beetle	acl
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 branch	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 branch	det
6	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 branch	amod
7	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 floating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	gerund	a beetle not said here			a dry branch			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on branch=Trajectory

Option 3

a spider skimming the whole width of the pond on a leaf in the wind

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spider	det
2	spider	spider	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	skimming	skim	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 spider	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 width	det
5	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 width	amod
6	width	width	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 skimming	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 pond	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pond	det
9	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 width	nmod
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 leaf	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 leaf	det
12	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 skimming	obl
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 wind	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wind	det
15	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 skimming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	skim	gerund	a spider not said here	the whole width of the pond		a leaf		in the wind	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent width=Source

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

a spider crossing a pond on a floating leaf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spider	det
2	spider	spider	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	crossing	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 spider	acl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 pond	det
5	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crossing	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 leaf	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 leaf	det
8	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 leaf	amod
9	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crossing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cross	gerund	a spider not said here	a pond		a floating leaf			vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pond=Patient
2	float	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1349-pg4018-part9/e3/