Exam question 1 · Japanese Fairy Tales, The Paper Crane: Sentaro reaches Per…

According to the passage, what caused the paper crane to fall into the sea?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: passage, paper crane · What happens: accord, cause, fall · To what, where: paper crane, sea

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1355 «Japanese Fairy Tales, The Paper Crane: Sentaro reaches Perpetual Life, tires of it, and wakes from a dream» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	According	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 passage	case
2	to	to	ADP	_	1 According	fixed
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 passage	det
4	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 caused	punct
6	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 caused	nsubj
7	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 passage	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 crane	det
9	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 crane	compound
10	crane	crane	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 caused	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 fall	mark
12	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 caused	xcomp
13	into	into	ADP	_	15 sea	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sea	det
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fall	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 passage	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund				vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
2	cause	past	the passage	the paper crane		tree rules
3	fall	to-infinitive	the paper crane not said here		into the sea result	vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into sea=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

rain that soaked the paper

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 soaked	nsubj:pass
3	soaked	soak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 rain	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 paper	det
5	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 soaked	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	soak	participle · passive		rain					tree rules

Option 2

the wind that tore the wings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 tore	nsubj
4	tore	tore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 wind	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wings	det
6	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tore	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tore	past	the wind	the wings					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

the storm that dampened and crumpled it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storm	det
2	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 crumpled	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 dampened	nsubj
4	dampened	dampen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 storm	acl:relcl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 dampened	cc
6	crumpled	crumple	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 crumpled	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dampen	past	the storm						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	crumple	past	the storm	it					vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Option 4

a strong wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 wind	det
2	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 wind	amod
3	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1355-pg4018-part15/e1/