Test 7 · ★ · Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and the Crab, part 33: th…

what did the monkey mean by "dead crabs have no mouths"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: monkey, dead crabs · What happens: mean, have · To what, where: mouths · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 1373 «Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and the Crab, part 33: the monkey eats the ripe persimmons and kills the crab» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 mean	obj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 mean	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 monkey	det
4	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 mean	nsubj
5	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	10 have	mark
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 have	punct
8	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 crabs	amod
9	crabs	crab	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	nsubj
10	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mean	advcl
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 mouths	det
12	mouths	mouth	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	obj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 mouths	punct
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	past · do-support	the monkey						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
2	have in a quote	present	dead crabs	no mouths					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouth=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

he thought crabs couldn't talk anyway

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 thought	nsubj
2	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	crabs	crab	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 talk	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 talk	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 talk	advmod
6	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 thought	ccomp
7	anyway	anyway	ADV	_	6 talk	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	he						vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	not talk	could	crabs					anyway property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

he thought nobody could tell he did it because dead crabs cannot talk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 thought	nsubj
2	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 tell	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	aux
5	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 thought	ccomp
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 did	nsubj
7	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 did	obj
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	14 talk	mark
10	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 crabs	amod
11	crabs	crab	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 talk	nsubj
12	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 talk	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 talk	advmod
14	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 tell	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	he		vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	could	nobody		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	do	past	he	it	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
4	not talk	can	dead crabs		vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

he thought nobody could tell he did it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 thought	nsubj
2	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 tell	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	aux
5	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 thought	ccomp
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 did	nsubj
7	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 did	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	he		vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	could	nobody		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	do	past	he	it	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Option 4

he meant that nobody could tell he did it since the crab could not speak anymore

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 meant	nsubj
2	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 tell	mark
4	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 tell	nsubj
5	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 tell	aux
6	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 meant	ccomp
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 did	nsubj
8	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tell	ccomp
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 did	obj
10	since	since	SCONJ	_	15 speak	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 crab	det
12	crab	crab	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 speak	nsubj
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 speak	aux
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 speak	advmod
15	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 tell	advcl
16	anymore	anymore	ADV	_	15 speak	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	past	he			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	tell speech: assert	could	nobody			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	do	past	he	it		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
4	not speak speech: other	could	the crab		anymore property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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